【中英文对照版】促进民营经济发展壮大的意见.docx

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1、中共中央、国务院关于促进民营经济发展壮大的意见OpinionsoftheCPCCentralCommitteeandtheStateCouncilonPromotingtheDevelopmentofthePrivateSector制定机关：中国共产党中央委员会国务院公布日期:2023.07.14施行日期：2023.07.14效力位阶：党内法规制度法规类别：营商环境优化私营企业个体经济综合规定IssuingAuthority：CentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaStateCouncilDateIssued：07-14-2023EffectiveD

2、ate：07-14-20231.evelofAuthority：SystemofPartyRegulationsAreaofLaw：OptimizationofDoingBusinessPrivateEnterprisesGeneralProvisionsonIndividualEconomy中共中央、国务院关于促进民 营经济发展壮大的意见OpinionsoftheCPCCentralCommitteeandtheStateCouncilonPromotingtheDevelopmentofthePrivateSector(July 14, 2023)（2023年7月14日）民营经济是推进中国

3、式现代化 的生力军，是高质量发展的重 要基础，是推动我国全面建成 社会主义现代化强国、实现第 二个百年奋斗目标的重要力 量。为促进民营经济发展壮 大，现提出如下意见。一、总体要求TheprivatesectorisamajordriverofmodernizationfollowingaChinesepath,animportantfoundationforhigh-qualitydevelopment,andanimportantplayerinpromotingrealizationoftheSecondCentenaryGoalofdevelopingChinaintoagreatmod

4、ernsocialistcountryinallrespects.Thefollowingopinionsareherebyofferedforthepurposesofpromotingthedevelopmentoftheprivatesector.I. GeneralrequirementsUndertheguidanceofXiJinpingThoughtonSocialismwithChineseCharacteristicsforaNewEra,weW川thoroughlyimplementthespiritofthe20thCPCNationalCongress,upholdth

5、eprincipleofpursuingprogresswhileensuringstability,fully,accurately,comprehensivelyapplynewdevelopmentconcepts,establishanewdevelopmentpattern,strivetopromotehigh-qualitydevelopment,andcarryoutreformtoimprovethesocialistmarketeconomy.Underthetwounwaveringlyprinciple(unwaveringlyconsolidatinganddevel

6、opingthepublicsectoroftheeconomyandunswervinglyencouraging,supporting,andguidingthedevelopmentofthenon-publicsector),weW川createamarket-oriented,law-based,andinternationalfirst-classbusinessenvironment,optimizethedevelopmentenvironmentfortheprivatesector,protectthepropertyrightsofprivateenterprisesan

7、dtherightsandinterestsofentrepreneurs,andestablishacordialandcleanrelationshipbetweengovernmentandbusiness,sothatallsectorsoftheeconomyequallyusefactorsofproduction,fairlycompeteinthemarket,andreceiveequallegalprotection.Wewillguideprivateenterprisesincontinuouslyimprovingthequalityofdevelopmentthro

8、ughtheirreform,development,compliantoperations,andtransformation,soastoenabletheprivatesectortodevelop,makepositivecontributionsinthenewjourneytodevelopChinaintoamodernsocialistcountryinallrespects,andperformgreatermissions,responsibilities,androlesinthehistoricprocessofnationalrejuvenation.II. Cont

9、inuingtooptimizethedevelopmentenvironmentfortheprivatesector以习近平新时代中国特色社会 主义思想为指导，深入贯彻党 的二十大精神，坚持稳中求进 工作总基调，完整、准确、全 面贯彻新发展理念，加快构建 新发展格局，着力推动高质量 发展，坚持社会主义市场经济 改革方向，坚持“两个毫不动 摇”，加快营造市场化、法治 化、国际化一流营商环境，优 化民营经济发展环境，依法保 护民营企业产权和企业家权 益，全面构建亲清政商关系， 使各种所有制经济依法平等使 用生产要素、公平参与市场竞 争、同等受到法律保护，引导 民营企业通过自身改革发展、 合规经

10、营、转型升级不断提升 发展质量，促进民营经济做大 做优做强，在全面建设社会主 义现代化国家新征程中作出积 极贡献，在中华民族伟大复兴 历史进程中肩负起更大使命、 承担起更重责任、发挥出更大 作用。二、持续优化民营经济发 展环境构建高水平社会主义市场经济Effortsshallbemadetobuildahigh-levelsocialistmarketeconomy,continuetooptimizethestable,fair,transparent,andpredictabledevelopmentenvironment,andinjectvitalityintotheprivatese

11、ctor.1. Continuingtoremovebarrierstomarketaccess.Allregionsandauthoritiesshallnotcreateanobstacletoassessintheformofrecordation,registration,annualinspection,accreditation,certification,designation,orrequiringtheformationofabranch,amongothers,orindisguise.Theyshallreviewandregulatethepreconditionsan

12、dapprovalstandardsforgovernmentservicematterssuchasadministrativeapproval,permission,andrecordation,andshallneitherconvertgovernmentservicemattersintointermediaryservicemattersnorwithoutalegalandregulatorybasis,requireenterprisestoindependentlyconductatest,aninspection,certification,appraisal,ornota

13、rizationorprovidecertification,amongothers,beforeprovidinggovernmentservices.Theyshallsteadilyassessmarketaccessefficiency,establishacomplaintandresponsemechanismforbarrierstomarketaccess,andimprovetheconcentrationandreportingsystemfortypicalcases.体制，持续优化稳定公平透明 可预期的发展环境，充分激发 民营经济生机活力。（一）持续破除市场准入壁 垒。

14、各地区各部门不得以备 案、注册、年检、认定、认 证、指定、要求设立分公司等 形式设定或变相设定准入障 碍。清理规范行政审批、许 可、备案等政务服务事项的前 置条件和审批标准，不得将政 务服务事项转为中介服务事 项，没有法律法规依据不得在 政务服务前要求企业自行检 测、检验、认证、鉴定、公证 或提供证明等。稳步开展市场 准入效能评估，建立市场准入 壁垒投诉和处理回应机制，完 善典型案例归集和通报制度Q（二）全面落实公平竞争政策 制度。强化竞争政策基础地 位，健全公平竞争制度框架和 政策实施机制，坚持对各类所 有制企业一视同仁、平等对 待。强化制止滥用行政权力排 除限制竞争的反垄断执法。未 经公平

15、竞争不得授予经营者特 许经营权，不得限定经营、购 买、使用特定经营者提供的商 品和服务。定期推出市场干预 行为负面清单，及时清理废除2. Fullyimplementingthefaircompetitionpolicyandinstitutions.Thebasicpositionofcompetitionpolicyshallbeenhancedbyimprovingtheframeworkoffaircompetitioninstitutionsandthepolicyimplementationmechanismandequallytreatingenterprisesheldinal

16、ltypesofownership.Anti-monopolylawenforcementactionsshallbestrengthenedtopreventtheabuseofadministrativepowerthateliminatesandrestrictscompetition.Concessionsmaynotbegrantedtoabusinesswithoutfaircompetition,norshalldistribution,purchase,orusebelimitedtothegoodsandservicesprovidedbyaspecificbusiness.

17、Anegativelistofinterventionsinthemarketshallberegularlyreleasedtopromptlyreviewandrepealpoliciesthatcontainlocalprotectionism,marketfragmentation,ordesignatedtransactionsorotherwiseobstructaunifiedmarketandfaircompetition.Methodsforimplementingindustrialpoliciesshallbeoptimizedbyestablishingandpromp

18、tlymakingpubliclyavailablealistofenterprise-relatedpreferentialpolicies.3. Improvingsocialcreditincentiveandrestraintmechanisms.Thecreditinformationrecordingandsharingsystemshallbeimproved,thecreditundertakingsystemshallbecomprehensivelypromoted,andinformationonundertakingsandperformanceofcontractss

19、hallbeenteredincreditrecords.Thecreditincentivemechanismshallbeusedtoenhancethesenseofgainforenterpriseswithgoodcreditstanding.Thecreditconstraintmechanismshallbeimprovedtopunishliableentitiesaccordingtothelistofpunitivemeasuresfordishonesty.Thecreditrepairmechanismforcorrectionofdishonestyshallbeim

20、provedbystudyingandissuingrelevantadministrativemeasures.Themechanismforthegovernmentshonestperformanceofcontractsshallbeimprovedbyestablishingandimprovingarecordingandpunishmentsystemforgovernmentdishonestyandenteringinformationonbreachofcontract,repudiationofacontract,delinquencies,refusaltosatisf

21、yjudicialadjudications,andotherdishonestybyagenciesandinstitutionsintotheNationalCreditInformationSharingPlatform.含有地方保护、市场分割、指 定交易等妨碍统一市场和公平 竞争的政策。优化完善产业政 策实施方式，建立涉企优惠政 策目录清单并及时向社会公 开。（三）完善社会信用激励约束 机制。完善信用信息记录和共 享体系，全面推广信用承诺制 度，将承诺和履约信息纳入信 用记录。发挥信用激励机制作 用，提升信用良好企业获得 感。完善信用约束机制，依法 依规按照失信惩戒措施清单对 责任主体

22、实施惩戒。健全失信 行为纠正后的信用修复机制， 研究出台相关管理办法。完善 政府诚信履约机制，建立健全 政务失信记录和惩戒制度，将 机关、事业单位的违约毁约、 拖欠账款、拒不履行司法裁判 等失信信息纳入全国信用信息 共享平台。（四）完善市场化重整机制。鼓励民营企业盘活存量资产回收资金。坚持精准识别、分类施策，对陷入财务困境但仍具有发展前景和挽救价值的企4. Improvingthemarket-orientedreorganizationmechanism.Privateenterprisesshallbeencouragedtoliquidateunusedassets.Basedonacc

23、urateidentificationandclassifiedpolicies,bankruptcyreorganizationandcompositionproceduresshallbeappliedtoenterprisesin业，按照市场化、法治化原 则，积极适用破产重整、破产 和解程序Q推动修订企业破产 法并完善配套制度。优化个体 工商户转企业相关政策，降低 转换成本。financialdifficultiesbutwithpotentialfordevelopmentandworthrescue,undertheprincipleofmarketizationandruleofl

24、aw.TherevisionoftheEnterpriseBankruptcyLawshallbepromoted,andsupportinginstitutionsshallbeimproved.Policiesrelatedtotheconversionofindividualindustrialandcommercialhouseholdsintoenterprisesshallbeoptimizedtoreduceconversioncosts.III.Increasingpolicysupportfortheprivatesector三、加大对民营经济政策支持力度精准制定实施各类支持

25、政策， 完善政策执行方式，加强政策 协调性，及时回应关切和利益 诉求，切实解决实际困难。（五）完善融资支持政策制 度。健全银行、保险、担保、 券商等多方共同参与的融资风 险市场化分担机制。健全中小 微企业和个体工商户信用评级 和评价体系，加强涉企信用信 息归集，推广“信易贷”等服 务模式。支持符合条件的民营 中小微企业在债券市场融资， 鼓励符合条件的民营企业发行 科技创新公司债券，推动民营 企业债券融资专项支持计划扩 大覆盖面、提升增信力度。支 持符合条件的民营企业上市融 资和再融资。Varioussupportpoliciesshallbeaccuratelymadeandimplement

26、ed,theirimplementationmethodsshallbeimproved,andsuchpoliciesshallbecoordinated,soasrespondtopromptlyconcernsanddemandsandsolvepracticaldifficulties.5. Improvingfinancingsupportpoliciesandinstitutions.Themarket-basedfinancingrisksharingmechanisminvolvingbanks,insurers,guaranteeproviders,securitiesfir

27、ms,andotherpartiesshallbeimproved.Thecreditratingandevaluationsystemformicro,smallandmediumsizedenterprisesandindividualindustrialandcommercialhouseholdsshallbeimprovedbystrengtheningtheconcentrationofenterprise-relatedcreditinformationandpromotingservicemodelssuchas,EasyFiduciaryLoan.Eligiblemicro,

28、smallandmedium-sizedprivateenterprisesshallbesupportedinraisingfinanceinthebondmarket;eligibleprivateenterprisesshallbeencouragedtoissuecorporatebondsforscientificandtechnologicalinnovation;specialsupportplansforbondfinancingofprivateenterprisesshallbepromptedtoexpandcoverageandcreditenhancements.Th

29、einitialandseasonedofferingsbyeligibleprivateenterprisesshallbesupported.6. Improvingtheregularpreventionanddischargemechanismfordelinquencies.TheRegulationonGuaranteeingthePaymentofSmallandMedium-sizedEnterprisesshallbeenforcedbyimprovingthelong-termmechanismpreventandaddressdelinquenciesowedtosmal

30、landmedium-sizedenterprisesandincreaseeffortstoholdliablepersonsaccountable.Agencies,publicorganizations,andlargeenterprisesshallnotrefuseordelaypaymentstosmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesandindividualindustrialandcommercialhouseholdsonthegroundsofchangesinpersonnel,performanceofinternalpaymentprocedu

31、res,orwaitforapprovalofacceptanceuponcompletionandauditingoffinalaccountsintheabsenceofstipulationsinthecontract,amongothers.Asystemforregulardisclosureofdelinquencies,adviceandguidance,andlawenforcementactionsshallbeestablished.Thedisclosureofinformationoncommercialdraftsshallbeenhancedtoimprovethe

32、creditconstraintmechanisminthenegotiableinstrumentmarket.Thecomplainthandlingandcreditoversightmechanismfordelinquenciesshallbeimprovedbyreleasingcasesinvolvingmaliciousdelinquencies.Themechanismforregularconnectionbetweenthedischargeofdelinquenciesandtheaudit,supervisoryinspection,visitation,andoth

33、ersystemsshallbeimproved.（六）完善拖欠账款常态化预 防和清理机制。严格执行保 障中小企业款项支付条例， 健全防范化解拖欠中小企业账 款长效机制，依法依规加大对 责任人的问责处罚力度。机 关、事业单位和大型企业不得 以内部人员变更，履行内部付 款流程，或在合同未作约定情 况下以等待竣工验收批复、决 算审计等为由，拒绝或延迟支 付中小企业和个体工商户款 项。建立拖欠账款定期披露、 劝告指导、主动执法制度。强 化商业汇票信息披露，完善票 据市场信用约束机制。完善拖 欠账款投诉处理和信用监督机 制，加强对恶意拖欠账款案例 的曝光。完善拖欠账款清理与 审计、督查、巡视等制度的常

34、 态化对接机制。7. Suitingtheneedforskilledandordinaryworkers.TheflowofSk川edworkerstoprivateenterprisesshallbekeptunimpededbyimprovingpoliciesandmechanismsforthecontinuityofpersonnelmanagement,recordsmanagement,andsocialsecurity.Themeasuresfortheevaluationofprofessionaltitlesforprivate（七）强化人才和用工需求保 障。畅通人才向民

35、营企业流动 渠道，健全人事管理、档案管 理、社会保障等接续的政策机 制。完善民营企业职称评审办 法，畅通民营企业职称评审渠 道，完善以市场评价为导向的 职称评审标准。搭建民营企enterprisesshallbeimprovedtofacilitatetheevaluationofprofessionaltitlesforprivate业、个体工商户用工和劳动者 求职信息对接平台。大力推进 校企合作、产教融合。推进民 营经济产业工人队伍建设，优 化职业发展环境。加强灵活就 业和新就业形态劳动者权益保 障，发挥平台企业在扩大就业 方面的作用。enterprises,andthestandards

36、fortheevaluationofprofessionaltitlesbasedonmarketevaluationshallbeimproved.Aplatformshallbebuilttomatchrecruitingprivateenterprisesandindividualindustrialandcommercialhouseholdstojobseekers.Cooperationbetweenschoolsandenterprisesandtheintegrationofbusinessandteachingshallbeadvanced.Apoolofindustrial

37、workersintheprivatesectorshallbecreated,andtheircareerdevelopmentenvironmentshallbeoptimized.Therightsandinterestsofworkersemployedflexiblyandinnewformsshallbeprotectedtoensurethatplatformenterprisesexpandemployment.(A)完善支持政策直达快享 机制。充分发挥财政资金直达 机制作用，推动涉企资金直达 快享。加大涉企补贴资金公开 力度，接受社会监督。针对民 营中小微企业和个体工商户建

38、立支持政策“免申即享”机 制，推广告知承诺制，有关部 Il能够通过公共数据平台提取 的材料，不再要求重复提供。(九)强化政策沟通和预期引 导。依法依规履行涉企政策调 整程序，根据实际设置合理过 渡期。加强直接面向民营企业 和个体工商户的政策发布和解 读引导。支持各级政府部门邀 请优秀企业家开展咨询，在涉 企政策、规划、标准的制定和 评估等方面充分发挥企业家作8. Improvingthemechanismfordirectandfastaccesstosupportpolicies.Themechanismfordirectaccesstogovernmentgrantsshallbeused

39、topromotethedirectandfastaccesstoenterprise-relatedgrants.Enterprise-relatedsubsidiesshallbemadepubliclyavailableforpublicsupervision.Amechanismforautomaticeligibilityforsupportpoliciesshallbeestablishedformicro,smallandmedium-sizedprivateenterprisesandindividualindustrialandcommercialhouseholds,the

40、informedundertakingsystemshallbepromoted,andmaterialsthatrelevantauthoritiescanaccessonpublicdataplatformswillnolongerberequiredtobeprovided.9. Communicatingpolicyandguidingexpectations.Enterprise-relatedpolicyadjustmentproceduresshallbefollowedinaccordancewithlawsandregulations,withareasonabletrans

41、itionperiodsetbasedonactualconditions.Theissuance,explanation,andguidanceofpoliciesdirectedatprivateenterprisesandindividualindustrialandcommercialhouseholdsshallbestrengthened.Governmentdepartmentsshallbesupportedininvitingoutstandingentrepreneurstoprovide用oadvice,soastoensurethatentrepreneursplayt

42、heirroleinthemakingandassessmentofenterprise-relatedpolicies,plans,andstandardsandotheraspects.IV.Strengtheninglegalsafeguardsforthedevelopmentoftheprivatesector四、强化民营经济发展法 治保障Thelegalenvironmentthatequallyprotectsallsectorsoftheeconomyshallbeimprovedtocreategoodandstableexpectationsforthedevelopmen

43、toftheprivatesector.健全对各类所有制经济平等保 护的法治环境，为民营经济发 展营造良好稳定的预期。10. Protectingthepropertyrightsofprivateenterprisesandtherightsandinterestsofentrepreneurs.Interventionsineconomicdisputesbyadministrativeorcriminalmeansandlocalprotectionisminlawenforcementandjusticeshallbepreventedandaddressed.Measuresofco

44、nstraintrelatedtopropertyrightsshallbefurtherregulatedtoavoidplacingunderseal,impounding,andfreezepropertybeyondauthority,scope,amount,andtimelimit.Forcase-relatedcommercialpropertynotsuitableforseizure,impoundment,orfreezingthepartiesconcernedmaybeallowedtocontinuetousesuchpropertyreasonablywhileno

45、rmalinvestigationactivitiesareensured,andnecessaryvalueprotectionandcustodialmeasuresshallbetakentominimizetheeffectsofinvestigationandcasehandlingonnormalbusinesstransactionsandlegalproductionandoperations.Thepetitionandretrialmechanismforenterprise-relatedcasesandtheeffectivepreventionandregularco

46、rrectionmechanismformisjudgedcasesshallbeimproved.（十）依法保护民营企业产权 和企业家权益。防止和纠正利 用行政或刑事手段干预经济纠 纷，以及执法司法中的地方保 护主义。进一步规范涉产权强 制性措施，避免超权限、超范 围、超数额、超时限查封扣押 冻结财产。对不宜查封扣押冻 结的经营性涉案财物，在保证 侦查活动正常进行的同时，可 以允许有关当事人继续合理使 用，并采取必要的保值保管措 施，最大限度减少侦查办案对 正常办公和合法生产经营的影 响。完善涉企案件申诉、再审 等机制，健全冤错案件有效防 范和常态化纠正机制。（十一）构建民营企业源头防11.

47、 Establishingsystemsandmechanismsforprivateenterprisestopreventandtacklingcorruptionatsource.Judicialinterpretationsshallbeissuedtopunishtheemployeesofprivateenterprisesforembezzlement,misappropriationoffunds,acceptanceofbribes,andothercorruption.Therecoveryanddispositionmechanismforpropertyinvolved

48、incasesshallbeimproved.Thecompliancereformforenterprisesinvolvedincasesshallbeimplementedtopromotethecompliantoperationofprivateenterprises.Corruptioninprivateenterprisesshallbetackledatsource,andprivateenterprisesshallbeguidedinestablishingastrictauditandsupervisionsystemandaccountingsystem.CPCorga

49、nizationsinprivateenterprisesshallbeusedtopromptenterprisestostrengthenlegaleducationandcreateacorporatecultureadvocatinghonestyandintegrity.Acorruptiontacklingmechanismforprivateenterpriseswithdiversifiedparticipantsshallbeestablished.Privateenterprisescomplyingwiththelawandfreeofcorruptionshallbedeveloped.范和治理腐败的体制机制。出 台司法解释，依法加大对民营 企业工作人员职务侵占、挪用 资金、受贿等腐败行为的惩处 力度。健全涉案财物追缴处置 机制。深化涉案企业合规改 革，推动民营企业合规守法经 营。强化民营企业腐败源头治 理，引导民营企业建立