易错点09：阅读理解（天津专用）解析.docx

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1、2024年中考英语满分冲刺之易错题轻松突破易错点09阅读理解-备战2024年中考英语考试易错题（天津专用）【易错点归纳】阅读理解易错点：1、细节理解题易错点09常识判断，因果识别，语义转化，真假鉴别2、推理判断题常识陷阱，文章来源，作者观点和态度，由已知推未知3、猜测词义题指代，上下文逻辑，熟词生义，难句释义4.主旨大意/段落大意/最佳标题过于笼统，不知所云；以偏概全，主次不分；无中生有，偷换概念等。【天津2018-2023六年考情分析】突出语篇，重视综合阅读理解能力的考查，既考查考生从字里行间直接获取信息的能力，又检测了考生分析推理、提取信息的综合能力。从题型上看，细节理解题趋势变多（！），

2、推理判断题趋势变少，猜测词义每年都有，主旨大意、段落大意和最佳标题等题型也要重视。细节理解推理判断猜测词义主旨大意段落大意最佳标题20231021112022121I1202113112020103112019IlII1I20187611题号20232022202120202019201846细节理解细节理解细节理解细节理解细节理解细节理解阅47细节理解细节理解细节理解细节理解细节理解细节理解读48细节理解细节理解细节理解细节理解细节理解细节理解A49推理判断细节理解细节理解推理判断细节理解细节理解RiT甲当I际力（2023辽宁鞍山中考真题）Chinahasmadeasystemoflawst

3、oprotecttheenvironment.IthashelpedbuildbeautifulChina,accordingtoaworkreport.ThesystemincludestheEnvironmentalProtection1.awandalotoflawsinsomeotherareas,suchastheYangtzeRiverProtection1.aw,theYellowRiverProtection1.aw,theBlackSoil（土壤）Protection1.aw,thelawontheQinghai-TibetPlateauandsoon.Theseenviro

4、nmentalprotectionlawsassistwithbeautifulChina.Chinaprotectsandimprovestheenvironmentinwhichpeoplelive.Ithasmadegreateffortstopreventandcontrolpollution.Overthepastfiveyears,theairquality（质量）hasstayedatthegoodlevelon86.5percentofthedaysincities.Thecountryhasalsomadeprogressinpreventingandcontrollings

5、oilpollutionandcontinuedtoprotectforests,rivers,lakesandsoon.What,smore,Chinahasmanagedtomakelawstoprotectwildanimalsandplants,providehomesformanyanimalsandteachthepublictohelpthem.Animalsarefriendsofhumans,andprotectinganimalsisalsotoprotectthehomeofhumans.Agoodenvironmentisimportanttohumans.Withou

6、tthefreshairorcleanwater,wecantliveontheearth.TheChinesegovernmenthastakenactiontoprotectboth,theenvironmentandourselves.1. ThereareatleastlawsinParagraph2.A.5B.6C.7D.82. Theunderlinedword“assist“inParagraph2issimilarto.A.partB.agreeC.helpD.deal3. AccordingtoParagraph3,wehavedonesomethingtoprotectth

7、eanimals,including.providinghomesformanyanimalsgivinganimalsmorefoodteachingthepublictohelpanimalsmakinglawstoprotectwildanimalsandplantsA.B.C.D.4. Overthepastfiveyears,theairqualityincitieshasgenerallystayedatthelevel.A.badB.terribleC.poorD.good5. Whafsthemainideaofthepassage?A. Asystemoflawshasbee

8、nmadetoprotectsoilaroundChina.B. Thecountryhasmadeprogressinpreventingriverpollution.C. Chinaprotectsandimprovestheenvironmentinwhichpeoplelive.D. Chinahastakenactiontoprotecttheenvironmentandhumans.参考答案：【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.D5.D【导语】本文主要介绍了中国已采取了很多行动保护环境和人类。1 .细节理解题。根据“ThesystemincludestheEnvironmentalPro

9、tection1.awandalotoflawsinsomeotherareas,suchastheYangtzeRiverProtection1.aw,（heYellowRiverProtection1.aw,theBlackSoil（土壤）Protection1.aw,thelawontheQinghai-TibetPlateauandsoon”可知该体系包括环境保护法和其他一些领域的许多法律，如长江保护法、黄河保护法、黑土保护法、青藏高原法等。故选A。2 .词义猜测题。根据“TheseenvironmentalprotectionlawsassistwithbeautifulChina.

10、,11知这些环境保护法有助于建设美丽的中国，故此处划线部分和help意义相近。故选C。3 .细节理解题。根据“Chinahasmanagedtomakelawstoprotectwildanimalsandplants,providehomesformanyanimalsandteachthepublictohelpthem”可知中国还制定了保护野生动植物的法律，为许多动物提供了家园，并教导公众帮助它们。故选B。4 .细节理解题。根据“Overthepastfiveyears,（heairquality（质量）hasstayedatthegoodIeVer可知在过去的五年里，空气质量一直保持在

11、良好水平。故选D。5 .主旨大意题。根据TheChinesegovernmenthastakenactiontoprotectboth,theenvironmentandourselves.”以及本文内容可知本文主要介绍了中国已采取了很多行动保护环境和人类。故选D。A组中考真题(1) (2023辽宁鞍山中考真题)Judie,sclasswerestudyingChineseculture.Oneday,herteacherwentintotheclassroomwithsomekites.HetoldthemthatkiteswereinventedinChinamorethantwothou

12、sandyearsago.Attheendoftheclass,hesaid,44TheChinesemakekitesthatmeansomethingimportanttothem.Iexpecteachofyoutomakeakitethatmeanssomethingimportanttoyou.Inthatcase,youwillhaveabetterunderstandingofkitesthanbefore?Judiedecidedtoaskherdadforhelpasitwasherfirsttimetomakeakite.44Whatcanyouthinkofwhenyou

13、seeakite?”herdadasked.Judiethoughtforamomentandanswered,“Butterflies.”Judie,sdadagreedthatitwouldbeagoodideatomakeabutterflykite.Theymadeacrosswithsomewoodsticks,thenJudiepaintedabutterflyonapieceofwhitepaper.Next,theystuckthepaperonthecross.Finally,theytiedalongtailtothebottom.Thenextmorning,theyto

14、okthekitetotheparkandtestedit.44Wow!,shecriedproudly,4iHowhighitflies!”ttJudie,canyoutellmewhyyoulikebutterflies?”askedherdad.Judicreplied,fcvTome,butterfliesmeanbeautyandfreedom!,1. Thekiteswereinventedmorethanyearsago.A.1,000B.1,500C.2,000D.2,5002. Judiewantedtomakeakite.A.fishB.pandaC.sheepD.butt

15、erfly3. WhenJudiemadeakitesheused.A.clayandsticksB.paintandcardsC.sticksandpaperD.chopsticksandpaper4. WhatdoesabutterflymeantoJudie?A.Beautyandfreedom.B.1.oveandfamily.C.Happinessandluck.D.1.ifeandbeauty.5. WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A. Judieaskedherparentsforhelpandtheyagreed.B. Judiemighthaveabett

16、erunderstandingofkitesthanbefore.C. Judiestuckthepaperonthecrossandtiedalongtailtothetop.D. Judietookthekitetotheyardandplayedwithherdad.ChineseresearchersreachedthetopofQomolangmaonMay4,2022.Theysetuptheworldshighestautomatic（自动的）weatherstationatanallitude（海拔）of8,830meters.Thishelpsthemtostudythein

17、fluencesofclimatechangeontheenvironment.Itisthehighestautomaticweatherstationintheworldnow.Ithastakentheplaceofthestationsittingatanaltitudeof8,430metersonthesouthsideofthemountain,whichisthesecondhighestnow.ThisallowsChinesescientiststodirectlycollectdala（数据）forthefirsttimefromthetopoftheworld,shig

18、hestmountain.CollectingandstudyingdatafromQomolangmaisnoteasy.Butthedatawillgivevaluableinformationabouttheconditionoflocalglaciers（冰川）andmountainsnow.Itwillalsohelpscientistsstudyandunderstandtheglobalmonsoon（季风）system,soexpertscanmakeproperdecisionsaboutclimatechange.YaoTandong,afamousexpert,saidC

19、hinesescientistshadsetupeightweatherstationsfrom5,200to8,830metersabovesealevel.Halfofthestationsweresetupatanaltitudehigherthan7,000meters.44Alongwithstronggovernmentsupportandhardworkbyscientists,Chinahasbecomeaglobalfront-runnerinfieldssuchasclimatechange.Yaosaid.6. Whatisthealtitudeofthehighesta

20、utomaticweatherstation?A.5,200meters.B.7,000meters.C.8,430meters.D.8,830meters.7. WhatdoestheunderlinedwordItreferto（指代）inParagraph3?A.ReachingthetopofQomolangma.B.Theinfluencesofclimatechange.C.ThedatafromQomolangma.D.Thehighestautomaticweatherstation.8. Howmanyweatherstationsweresetupatanaltitudeh

21、igherthan7,000meters?A.Two.B.Four.C.Six.D.Eight.9. WhichSIaIement（陈述）isNOTrightaccordingtothepassage?A. ChinesescientistscandirectlycollectdatafromthetopofQomolangmanow.B. ItishardtocollectandstudydatafromQomolangma.C. Thesecondhighestweatherstationisonthenorthsideofthemountain.D. Chinahasmadegreata

22、chievementsinfieldssuchasclimatechange.10. Inwhichpartofanewspapercanwefindthepassage?A.Science.B.Sports.C.Travel.D.Health.Recently,mydaughterremindedmeofsomeonewesawatthetrainstationafewyearsago.Thatday,mydaughterandIwerewaitingforourtrain.Wewenttobuysomedrinks,andthenwesawtheoldman.Dressedpoorly,h

23、ewasstandinginfrontoftheCoUnter(柜台)whilecountingcoinsslowlytobuyjustonebotlleofwater.Thebusinessmanbehindhimsaidimpatiently,4Hey!Can,tyoubequick?Someofushaveatraintocatch!”Hearingthis,theoldmanseemedtobeveryembarrassed,sohewalkedawayquietlyatonce.Itwasmyturn.Iboughtourtwodrinksandtheoldman,swaterasw

24、ell.Wcwalkeduptohimandgavehimthewaterwithasmile.Afterwalkingaway,mydaughtercomplained,tDad,theoldmanissoimpolite.Hedidntevensaytthankyou,tous!”Itoldherthatwedidthisnottogetatthankyou“fromotherpeople.Wejustwantedtobenice.Now,mydaughteralwaysreachesouttohelppeople.Shewaves,makeseyeColnaCl(接触)andsayshi

25、topeopleonthestreet.Sheholdsdoorsforpeople.SheSCOODSupthingsthatotherpeopledrop.WhenImentionedthisrecently,sheseemedsurprised.Iaskedherwhyshewassokindallthelime.Shesaid,44Becauseitisjustrighttobethatway.Thensheadded,ttAndbecauseIseeyoudothatallthetime.”11. Whydidthewriterbuyabotlleofwaterfortheoldma

26、n?A.Becausetheoldmanwasoneofhisfriends.B.Becausehewasaniceperson.C.Becausehisdaughteraskedhimtodothat.D.Becausehewantedtheoldmantosaykthankyou,12. Whatistherightorderoftheeventsthathappenedatthetrainstationaccordingtothepassage?Thewritersdaughtercomplained.(2)Thebusinessmanfeltimpatient.Theoldmancou

27、ntedcoinstobuywater.Thewriterboughtwaterfortheoldman.A.(DB.C.D.(D13. Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scoops“probablymeaninParagraph4?A.Breaks.B.Collects.C.Puts.D.Picks.14. Fromthepassage,wecanknowthat.A. theoldmansaiduthankyou“tothewriterandhisdaughterB. thebusinessmanboughtabottleofwaterfortheoldmanC. th

28、ewritersdaughterhardlyreachesouttohelppeopleD. thewritersetsagoodexampletohisdaughterinherlife15. Whatsthewriterspurposeofwritingthispassage?A.Totellustolearntosharewithothers.B.Totellusnottolaughatthepoor.C.Totelluskindnessinactionspeakslouderthanwords.D.Tbshareafunnyexperiencewithus.（4（2023内蒙古中考真题

29、）FormanygirlsfromvillagesinChina,adreamjobcouldbeanything,exceptworkinginavillage.ButZhangGuifang,a24-year-oldcollegegraduate,gaveuprunningherbusinessinTianjinandreturnedtohervillage.AsayoungmemberoftheCommunistPartyofChina,shewaschosenasthePartysecretaryofSanjiavillageinDecember,2021.Althoughsheonc

30、ehadmanywaystodevelophervillage,theywerentputintopracticebecauseoflackingmoney.Thettrainbowvillageideawasacceptedbecauseitdidntcostalotofmoney.Zhanghopedtobringinmanytouriststhroughthisprojectanddevelopthelocaleconomy（经济）.Shespentfivemonthsplanningthecreationofwallpaintingsofcolourfulsunflowers,wing

31、sandballoonstomakethehousesandwallsofthevillagebeautiful.Forthefirsttime,Sanjiahasbecomefamous,withpicturesofthevillagespreadingquicklyontheInternet.Asayoungvillagehead,Zhang,sjobisn,teasy.Thereareendlessthingstodo,andtherearenodaysoff.Sheoftencriedatfirstandoncewantedtogiveup.Butshetoldherselfthatn

32、omatterhowhardthingswere,shewouldholdonforanothermonth.Slowly,shewasapproved（认可）bymanyvillagers,whichimprovedherconfidenceandledhertosetbiggergoals.Zhanghopedthataslongasshewasthere,Sanjiawouldgoinabetterdirectiontowardsabrightfuture.16. WhatdidZhangdoinTianjin?A.Sheranherownbusiness.B.Shedrewpictur

33、esforSanjiavillage.C.Sheopenedastudybaseinthevillage.D.Shesoldbottlesofwateronthestreet.17. WhichisthecorrectorderoftheexperiencesaboutZhangGuifang?ShewaschosenasthePartysecretaryofSanjiavillage.Sheplannedthecreationoft4rainbowvillage”.（3）ShereturnedtoSanjiavillage.Shewasapprovedbymanyvillagers.A.B.

34、C.D.18. Whatsthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordendless”?A.结束的B.最后的C.无止境的D.完成的19. WhichofthewordscandescribeZhang?A.Humorousandsuccessful.B.Quietandconfident.C.Excellentandhonest.D.Creativeandhard-working.20. Whatisthethemeofthepassage?A.Family.B.Health.C.Travel.D.Society.（5） （2023江苏盐城,中考真题）WhenMarkwalked

35、empty-handedupthesand,thesunwasshiningbrightly.Thewatchingchildrenwereasdisappointedashewas.Theylookedateachotherandspokesoftlysohecouldnthear.“Isthatalir“Ishegivingup?”ButMarkwasntgivingup.Herestedonthehotsand.Heatesomechocolatebiscuitsandfedenergybackintohisbody.Slowlyhisstrengthanddeterminationre

36、turned.ttWouldtheCrayfiSh（鳌虫F）stillbethere?”Hewondered.Markknewcrayfishusuallyhidinthedarknessbeneathrocks,onlycomingoutatnighttofeed.Howlongwouldhiscrayfishremaintherebeforeitwentbackundertherocks?Markforcedhimselftobepatient.Helayonhisbackinthesun,eyesclosed,nearlyasleep.Excitementandspeedwouldonl

37、ywasteenergy.FinallyMarkroseandwentbackintothewater.Thechildren,watchingfromtheshore,WereSiIenl.Theywailed,twisiing（纳!绕）CUrlSOfhaiKinIheirfingers,diggingtheirIeethintoIheirknees.Outinthebay,thecrayfishwasstillthere.ItsfeelersmovedintheCUrrentS（水流）.Marktooklong,slow,deepbreaths.Hecheeredhimselfupwith

38、encouragingwords,ticandoit.Ican.Icandoit.Overandoverhetoldhimself,hopinghismindwouldgettheideaandbelieveit.Downhedived.Down.Down.Down.1.ungsbursting,earspopping,eyespainful.Nearlythere.Pressure（ffi力）,Pressure.Hcreachedouthishands.Reaching.Reaching.Butitwasnogood.Hecouldntmakeit.Onlyanarm,slengthaway

39、,buthecouldn,treachthecrayfish.Uphewent.Tired,burning,disappointed,annoyed.Floatingonthesurface,hetoldhimselfoff.ttYouhurriedtoomuch.Takeyourtime.Prepareyourself.Don,tdiveuntileverythingfeelsrightJhespoketohimselfcalmly,andhefelttheconfidencebuildingupinsidehim.44Icandoit.Icandoit.Hefeltgood.Itwasgo

40、ingtobeagooddive.Breathingdeeply,relaxing,concentrating.Threemorebreaths.One,two,three.Down!21. Whatwastheweatherlikein（hestory?A.Sunny.B.Windy.C.Cloudy.D.Foggy.22. Whatdocstheunderlinedword“beneathinParagraph5mean?A.Above.B.Under.C.Beside.D.Behind.23. Fromtheunderlinedsentence,wecanseethechildrenwe

41、re.A.tiredB.excitedC.amazedD.nervous24. Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A. Markcaughtthecrayfishatlast.B.Markwasbuildinguphisconfidence.C. Marklostheartandplannedtogiveup.D.Markhurriedtodivebeforeeverythingwasright.25.What,sthemainideaofthestory?D. WhatMarkatetogethisenergyback.B.WhatMarkdidt

42、oreducehispressure.E. HowMarkkepttryingtogetthecrayfish.D.HowMarkpreparedhimselfwellfordiving.（6） （2023山东德州中考真题）ScientiststrainAItoreadhumanthoughtsScientistshavecreatedanewtoolthatcanturnpeoplesthoughtsintowords.ItworksbyusinganAIprogramcalledGPrPltotranslatebrainactivitywords.Inordertoachievethis,

43、scientistsdidalot.First,scientistsgoteverythingreadybeforethetests.Theyinvitedsomevolunteers.Eachspentsixteenhourslisteningtostoriesinascanner（扫描仪）.Theyimaginedthestoriesastheyheardthem,andthescannerrecordedtheirbrainactivity.GPT-Imadeconnectionsbetweentheideasinthestoriesandtherecordingsofthelisten

44、ers,brainactivity.Thencamethetests.Thescientistsdidtheminthreedifferentways.Test1Theresearchersplayedanewstory.GPT-Iwasonlygivenrecordingsofthevolunteers,brainactivity.ButthewordsthatGPT-Ipredicted（预测）wereverysimilartothewordsinthestorythattheywerelisteningto.Thewordswerentexactlythesame,buttheyofte

45、ncarriedthesamemeaning.Forexample,whenavolunteerwaslisteningtoastoryaboutawomanwhodidn,thaveadriver,slicense（驾照），theprogramcameupwiththis:ttShehasn,tevenstartedtoIeamtodriveyet.”Test2Thescientistsalsocarriedoutthetestwhenvolunteersimaginedtheirownstories.Itreallyworksatthelevelofideas.Theideasarethe

46、samebutexpressedindifferentWOrdSJsaysAlexanderHuth,oneofthescientistsbehindthestudy.Test3Theresearchersshowedthevolunteerssilentmovies,withnospokenwordsatall.GPT-Icouldstillfigureout（算出）thebasicideas.Afterthetests,thescientistssaythatGPT-IisthefirstAIprogramtotumwhatpeoplearethinkingintowordswithout

47、brainsurgery（夕卜科手术）.Thetoolisntsomethingthatcanbeeasilyusedtoday,mainlybecauseofthesizeandthecostofthescanner.Inthefuture,theybelieve,asimilarbutcheapertoolcouldhelppeoplewhohavelosttheabilitytospeakbecauseofaninjuryordisease.Thescientistssaytheirtoolcan,tbeusedtotreadpeople,sminds“withoutpermission（允许）.Thetoolonly26. Whatwasthescannerusedtodo?A.Recordbrainactivity.C.Catchtheideasofsto