中华人民共和国商业银行法（2015修正）_2015.10.01生效_中英对照.docx

中华人民共和国商业银行法（2015修正）发文机关：全国人民代表大会常务委员会发布日期,2015.08.29Promulgatedby：StandingCommitteeoftheNationalPeople'sCongressPromulgationDate：2015.08.29生效日期:2015.10.01EffectiveDate：2015.10.01时效性：现行有效ValidityStatus：valid中华人民共和国商业银行法CommercialBankingLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina1/37（1995年5月10日第八届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十三次会议通过根据2003年12月27日第十届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第六次会议关于修改中华人民共和国商业银行法的决定第次修正根据2015年8月29日第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十六次会议关于修改中华人民共和国商业银行法的决定第二次修正）第一章总则CHAPTERIGENERALPRINCIPLES第一条为了保护商业银行、Article1.ThisLawisformulatedforthepurposesofprotectingthelegalrightsandinterestsofcommercialbanks,depositorsand存款人和其他客户的合法权益，规otherclients,regulatingtheactivitiesofcommercialbanks,范商业银行的行为，提高信贷资产improvingthequalityofcreditassets,strengtheningsupervisionandadministration,ensuringsecureoperationsofcommercial质量，加强监督管理，保障商业银banks,maintenanceoffinancialorderandpromotionofsocialistmarketeconomydevelopment.®WoltersKluwer威科先行Q法律信息库行的稳健运行，维护金融秩序，促进社会主义市场经济的发展，制定本法。第二条本法所称的商业银行Article2."Commercialbanks"referredtointhisLawshallrefertocorporateentitiesestablishedtoacceptpublicdeposits,grant是指依照本法和中华人民共和国loansandhandlesettlementsandotherbusinessinaccordance公司法设立的吸收公众存款、发withprovisionsofthisLawandtheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.放贷款、办理结算等业务的企业法人。第三条商业银行可以经营下Article3.Commercialbanksmayconductallorpartofthefollowingbusinessoperations:列部分或者全部业务：(1)acceptingpublicdeposits;（一）吸收公众存款；(2)grantingshort-term,medium-termandlong-termloans;（一）发放短期、中期和长期(3)conductingdomesticandoverseassettlements;贷款；(4)handlingacceptanceanddiscountsonnegotiableinstruments;（三）办理国内外结算；(5) issuingfinancialbonds;(6) actingasagentstoissue,honourandunderwritegovernment（四）办理票据承兑与贴现；bonds;（五）发行金融债券：(7) buyingandsellinggovernmentbondsandfinancialbonds;(8) engagingininter-bankloans;（六）代理发行、代理兑付、(9)buyingandsellingforeignexchangeforownpurposesoras承销政府债券；agents;（七）买卖政府债券、金融债(10)engaginginbankcardbusiness;券;(11)providingletterofcreditservicesandguarantees;（八）从事同业拆借；(12)actingasagentsforreceiptsandpaymentsandinsurancebusinessoperations;（九）买卖、代理买卖外汇；(13)providingsafetydepositboxservices;and（十）从事银行卡业务；(14)otherbusinessoperationsapprovedbythebankingsupervisionandadministrationauthorityoftheStateCouncil.（十一）提供信用证服务及担Thescopeofbusinessoperationsshallbestipulatedinthearticles保；ofassociationofthecommercialbankandsubmittedtothebankingsupervisionandadministrationauthorityoftheStateCouncilforapproval.（十二）代理收付款项及代理保险业务；SubjecttotheapprovalofthePeople'sBankofChina,commercialbanksmayengageinsettlementandsaleofforeignexchange.（十三）提供保管箱服务;（十四）经国务院银行业监督管理机构批准的其他业务。经营范围由商业银行章程规定，报国务院银行业监督管理机构批准。商业银行经中国人民银行批准，可以经营结汇、售汇业务。第四条商业银行以安全性、hprinciplesofsecurity,liquidityandefficiency,exerciseautonomous流动性、效益性为经营原则，实行management,beartheirownrisks,assumefullresponsibilityforprofitsandlossesandexerciseself-regulation.自主经营，自担风险，自负盈万，py自我约束。Commercialbanksshallconducttheiroperationsinaccordancewithlawsandbefreefrominterferencebyanyorganisationor商业银行依法开展业务，不受IndMdUaL任何单位和个人的干涉。Commercialbanksshallbearcivilliabilitiesindependentlywiththeirentirecorporateassets.商业银行以其全部法人财产独立承担民事责任。第五条商业银行与客户的业Article5.Commercialbanksshallcomplywiththeprinciplesofequality,voluntaryparticipation,fairness,honestyand务往来，应当遵循平等、自愿、公trustworthinessinbusinesstransactionswiththeirclients.平和诚实信用的原则。第六条商业银行应当保障存Article6.Commercialbanksshallprotectthelegalrightsandinterestsoftheirdepositorsandensurethatsuchrightsand款人的合法权益不受任何单位和个interestsarenotinfringeduponbyanyorganisationorindividual.人的侵犯。第七条商业银行开展信贷业Article7.Commercialbanksshallexaminethecreditworthinessofborrowerscloselyintheircreditbusinessactivitiesandimplement务，应当严格审查借款人的资信，guaranteestoensurethepromptrecoveryofloans.实行担保，保障按期收回贷款。Commercialbanksshallbeprotectedbylawsintheirlawfulrecoveryofprincipalandinterestonmaturedloansfrom商业银行依法向借款人收回到borrowers.期贷款的本金和利息，受法律保护。第八条商业银行开展业务，Article8.Commercialbanksshallcomplywiththerelevantprovisionsoflawsandadministrativeregulationsandshallnot应当遵守法律、行政法规的有关规harmnationalorsocialinterestsintheirbusinessactivities.定，不得损害国家利益、社会公共利益。第九条商业银行开展业务，Article9.Commercialbanksshallabidebytheprinciplesoffaircompetitionandshallnotengageinunfairrivalryintheirbusiness应当遵守公平竞争的原则，不得从activities.事不正当竞争。第十条商业银行依法接受国务院银行业监督管理机构的监督管理，但法律规定其有关业务接受其他监督管理部门或者机构监督管理Article10.CommercialbanksshallbesubjecttosupervisionandadministrationofthebankingsupervisionandadministrationauthorityoftheStateCouncilinaccordancewithlaws,unlessotherwiseprovidedbylawsthattherelevantbusinessoperationshallbesubjecttosupervisionandadministrationofanothersupervisionandadministrationdepartmentorauthority.的，依照其规定。第二章 商业银行的设立和组织机构CHAPTERIlESTABLISHMENTANDORGANISATIONSTRUCTUREOFCOMMERCIALBANKS第H一条设立商业银行，应当经国务院银行业监督管理机构审查批准。未经国务院银行业监督管理机构批准，任何单位和个人不得从事No organisation or individual shall engage in commercial bank business operations such as acceptance of public deposits or use the word "bank" in its name without approval of the banking supervision and administration authority of the State Council.吸收公众存款等商业银行业务，任何单位不得在名称中使用“银行”字样。Article 11. EstablishmentofcommercialbanksshallbesubjecttoexaminationandapprovalbythebankingsupervisionandadministrationauthorityoftheStateCouncil.第十二条设立商业银行，应Article 12. Establishmentofcommercialbanksshallsatisfythefollowingrequirements:当具备卜.列条件:(一)有符合本法和中华人(1)thearticlesofassociationshallcomplywiththeprovisionsofthisLawandtheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.;民共和国公司法规定的章程;(2)theregisteredcapitalshallcomplywiththeminimumamountstipulatedinthisLaw;(一)有符合本法规定的注册资本最低限额:(3)thedirectorsandseniormanagementpersonnelshallpossessprofessionalknowledgeandrelevantworkexperience;(4)theorganisationstructureandmanagementsystemshallbe第十三条 设立全国性商业银 行的注册资本最低限额为十亿元人 民币。设立城市商业银行的注册资 本最低限额为一亿元人民币，设立 农村商业银行的注册资本最低限额为五千万元人民币。注册资本应当 是实缴资本。国务院银行业监督管理机构根一、一口properlyestablished;and（二）有具备任职专业知识和业务工作经验的董事、高级管理人（5）thebusinesspremises,safetyandpreventivemeasuresandotherrelevantoperationalfacilitiesshallcomplywithrequirements.员；Establishmentofcommercialbanksshallalsosatisfyallother（四）有健全的组织机构和管cautionaryrequirements.理制度；（五）有符合要求的营业场所、安全防范措施和与业务有关的其他设施。设立商业银行，还应当符合其他审慎性条件。Article 13. TheminimumamountofregisteredcapitalforestablishmentofnationalcommercialbanksshallbeRMB1billion.TheminimumamountofregisteredcapitalforestablishmentofurbancommercialbanksshallbeRMB100millionandtheminimumamountofregisteredcapitalforestablishmentofruralcommercialbanksshallbeRMB50million.Theregisteredcapitalshallbepaid-upinfull.ThebankingsupervisionandadministrationauthorityoftheStateCouncilmayadjusttheminimumamountofregisteredcapitalinaccordancewiththerequirementsofcautionarysupervision,providedthattheminimumamountsstipulatedintheprecedingparagraphshallbesatisfied.据审慎监管的要求可以调整注册资本最低限额，但不得少于前款规定的限额。Article14.Applicationsforestablishmentofcommercialbanks第十四条设立商业银行，申shallbesubmittedwiththefollowingdocumentsandinformationto请人应当向国务院银行业监督管理thebankingsupervisionandadministrationauthorityoftheStateCouncil:机构提交下列文件、资料：(1)applicationstatingthename,address,registeredcapitaland（一）申请书，申请书应当载scopeofbusinessoftheproposedcommercialbank;明拟设立的商业银行的名称、所在(2)feasibilitystudyreport;and地、注册资本、业务范围等；(3)otherdocumentsandinformationrequiredbythebankingsupervisionandadministrationauthorityoftheStateCouncil.（二）可行性研究报告；（三）国务院银行业监督管理机构规定提交的其他文件、资料。第十五条设立商业银行的申Article15.WheretheapplicationforestablishmentofacommercialbankhascompliedwiththeprovisionsofArt14,the请经审查符合本法第十四条规定applicantshallcompleteandsubmitanofficialapplicationform的，申请人应当填写正式申请表，withthefollowingdocumentsandinformation:并提交下列文件、资料：(1) draftarticlesofassociation;(2) certificatesshowingcredentialsoftheproposeddirectorsand（一）章程草案；seniormanagementpersonnel;（二）拟任职的董事、高级管(3)capitalverificationcertificateissuedbyanofficialcapitalverificationauthority;理人员的资格证明；(4)listofshareholders,capitalsubscriptionandshareholdings;（三）法定验资机构出具的验(5)certificatesofcreditworthinessandrelevantmaterialsfor资证明；shareholderswhoholdmorethan5%oftheregisteredcapital;（四）股东名册及其出资额、(6)managementprinciplesandplans;股份；(7)informationonbusinesspremises,safetyandpreventivemeasuresandotherrelevantoperationalfacilities;and（五）持有注册资本百分之五(8)otherdocumentsandinformationrequiredbythebanking,43心、.Ly一"、修supervisionandadministrationauthorityoftheStateCouncil.以上的股东的资信证明和有关资h料;（六）经营方针和计划；（七）营业场所、安全防范措施和与业务有关的其他设施的资料：（八）国务院银行业监督管理机构规定的其他文件、资料。第十六条经批准设立的商业银行，由国务院银行业监督管理机构颁发经营许可证，并凭该许可证向工商行政管理部门办理登记，领Article16.CommercialbanksapprovedforestablishmentshallbeissuedwithabusinesspermitbythebankingsupervisionandadministrationauthorityoftheStateCouncilandshallapplywiththebusinesspermittotheindustrialandcommercialadministrationforregistrationandabusinesslicence.取营业执照。第十七条商业银行的组织形式、组织机构适用中华人民共和Article17.TheorganisationstructureandinstitutionalframeworkofcommercialbanksshallcomplywithprovisionsoftheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.国公司法的规定。本法施行前设立的商业银行，其组织形式、组织机构不完全符合中华人民共和国公司法规定CommercialbanksestablishedpriortotheimplementationofthisLawandwhichdonotcomplycompletelywiththeprovisionsonorganisationstructureandinstitutionalframeworkintheCompanyLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina,maycontinuetocomplywithoriginalprovisionsandtheprovisionsoftheprecedingparagraphshallapplyonadatedeterminedbytheStateCouncil.的，可以继续沿用原有的规定，适用前款规定的口期由国务院规定。国务院规定。监事会对国有独资商业银行的 信贷资产质量、资产负债比例、国 有资产保值增值等情况以及高级管 理人员违反法律、行政法规或者章第十九条商业银行根据业务 需要可以在中华人民共和国境内外 设立分支机构。设立分支机构必须 经国务院银行业监督管理机构审查 批准。在中华人民共和国境内的分支机构，不按行政区划设立。商业银行在中华人民共和国境内设立分支机构，应当按照规定拨第二十条设立商业银行分支机构，申请人应当向国务院银行业一、“a0心如“一Article18.WhollyState-ownedcommercialbanksshallestablisha第十八条国有独资商业银行supervisorycommittee.Themethodofestablishmentofsuch设立监事会。监事会的产生办法由committeeshallbestipulatedbytheStateCouncil.Thesupervisorycommitteeshallsupervisethequalityofcreditcapital,assetliabilityratiosandpreservationandappreciationofthevalueofState-ownedassetsofthewhollyState-ownedcommercialbank.Thecommitteeshallalsomonitortheactivitiesofseniormanagementpersonneltodetectanyviolationoflawsandadministrativeregulationsorarticlesofassociationoranybehaviourdetrimentaltothebank'sinterests.程的行为和损害银行利益的行为进行监督。Article 19. CommercialbanksmayestablishbrancheswithinandoutsidethePeople'sRepublicofChinainaccordancewiththeiroperationalrequirements.EstablishmentofbranchesshallbeexaminedandapprovedbythebankingsupervisionandadministrationauthorityoftheStateCouncil.EstablishmentofbrancheswithinthePeople'sRepublicofChinamaynotbeinaccordancewithadministrativedivisions.CommercialbanksestablishingbrancheswithinthePeople'sRepublicofChinashallallocateanappropriatesumofworkingcapitalbasedonthescaleofoperationofthebranch.Thetotalworkingcapitalallocatedforbranchesofacommercialbankshallnotexceed60%ofthetotalamountofcapitaloftheheadoffice.付与其经营规模相适应的营运资金额。拨付各分支机构营运资金额的总和，不得超过总行资本金总额的百分之六十。Article 20. Applicationsforestablishmentofbranchesforcommercialbanksshallbesubmittedwiththefollowingdocumentsandinformationtothebankingsupervisionandadministration监督管理机构提交下列文件、资authorityoftheStateCouncil:料：(1)applicationstatingthename,workingcapitalandscopeofbusinessoftheproposedbranchandtheaddressesofthehead（一）申请书，申请书应当载officeandthebranch,etc;明拟设立的分支机构的名称、营运(2)financeandaccountingreportsoftheapplicantforthelast2years;资金额、业务范围、总行及分支机构所在地等；(3)certificatesofcredentialsofproposedseniormanagementpersonnel;（二）申请人最近二年的财务(4)managementprinciplesandplans;会计报告；(5)informationonbusinesspremises,safetyandpreventivemeasuresandotherrelevantoperationalfacilities;and（三）拟任职的高级管理人员的资格证明；(6)otherdocumentsandinformationrequiredbythebankingsupervisionandadministrationauthorityoftheStateCouncil.（四）经营方针和计划;（五）营业场所、安全防范措施和与业务有关的其他设施的资料；（六）国务院银行业监督管理第二十一条 经批准设立的商 业银行分支机构，由国务院银行业 监督管理机构颁发经营许可证，并 凭该许可证向工商行政管理部门办机构规定的其他文件、资料。Article 21. BranchesofcommercialbanksapprovedforestablishmentshallbeissuedwithabusinesspermitbythebankingsupervisionandadministrationauthorityoftheStateCouncilandshallapplywiththebusinesspermittotheindustrialandcommercialadministrationforregistrationandabusinesslicence.理登记，领取营业执照。第二十二条商业银行对其分 支机构实行全行统一核算，统一调 度资金，分级管理的财务制度。商业银行分支机构不具有法人 资格，在总行授权范围内依法开展 业务，其民事责任由总行承担。第二十三条 经批准设立的商 业银行及其分支机构，由国务院银 行业监督管理机构予以公告。商业银行及其分支机构自取得 营业执照之日起无正当理由超过六 个月未开业的，或者开业后自行停 业连续六个月以上的，由国务院银 行业监督管理机构吊销其经营许可 证，并予以公告。第二十四条商业银行有下列 变更事项之一的，应当经国务院银 行业监督管理机构批准：（-）变更名称；（二）变更注册资本；（三）变更总行或者分支行所Article 22. Commercialbanksshallimplementcentralisedaccountingandfundallocationanddecentralisedfinancialmanagementfortheirbranches.Branchesofcommercialbanksdonothavelegalpersonstatusandshalldeveloptheirbusinessoperationsinaccordancewithlawswithinthescopeauthorisedbytheheadoffice.Theheadofficeshallbearcivilliabilityincurredbythebranches.Article 23. ThebankingsupervisionandadministrationauthorityoftheStateCouncilshallmakeapublicannouncementofthelistofcommercialbanksandtheirbranchesapprovedforestablishment.Whereacommercialbankoritsbranchhasnotcommencedbusinesswithin6monthsfromtheissueofbusinesslicencewithoutvalidjustificationorwhereacommercialbankoritsbranchhasvoluntarilysuspendeditsbusinessformorethan6consecutivemonthsfollowingcommencementofbusiness,thebankingsupervisionandadministrationauthorityoftheStateCouncilshallrevokeitsbusinesspermitandmakeapublicannouncementofsuchrevocation.Article 24. CommercialbanksshallobtaintheapprovalofthebankingsupervisionandadministrationauthorityoftheStateCouncilforanyofthefollowingalterationmatters:(1) changeofname;(2) changeofregisteredcapital;(3) changeofaddressoftheheadofficeorbranches;(4) adjustmentofthescopeofbusinessoperations;(5) changeofshareholderswhoholdmorethan5%ofthetotal(6)amendmentstothearticlesofassociation;and（四）调整业务范围；(7)otheralterationmattersstipulatedbythebankingsupervision（五）变更持有资本总额或者andadministrationauthorityoftheStateCouncil.股份总额百分之五以上的股东；Thecertificatesofcredentialsforreplacementdirectorsorseniormanagementpersonnelshallbesubjecttoexaminationbythe（六）修改章程；bankingsupervisionandadministrationauthorityoftheStateCouncil.在地;capitalorthetotalshares;（七）国务院银行业监督管理机构规定的其他变更事项。更换董事、高级管理人员时，应当报经国务院银行业监督管理机构审查其任职资格。i-“一，Article25.Sub-divisionandmergerofcommercialbanksshall第二十五条商业银行的分complywiththeprovisionsoftheCompanyLawofthePeople's立、合并，适用中华人民共和国RepublicofChina.么司法的规定°Sub-divisionandmergerofcommercialbanksshallbeexaminedandapprovedbythebankingsupervisionandadministration商业银行的分立、合并，应当authorityoftheStateCouncil.经国务院银行业监督管理机构审查第二十六条商业银行应当依 照法律、行政法规的规定使用经营 许可证。禁止伪造、变造、转让、批准。Article26.Commercialbanksshallusetheirbusinesspermitsinaccordancewiththeprovisionsoflawsandadministrativeregulations.Forgery,alteration,a