目的论视角下纪录片字幕翻译的原则与策略分析研究——以《美丽中国》为例 影视编导专业.docx

Acknow1.edgmentsThisPaPerwou1.dnothavebeencomp1.etedwithouttheinva1.uab1.ehe1.pandsupportofmanypeop1.e.Iwou1.d1.iketotakethisopportunitytoSihOWmyheartfe1.thanksioa1.1.ofthem.Mydeepestgratitudegoesfirstandforcn)sttomysupervisor.Dr.YangShizhou.Hcgavemeinspiringencouragementandi1.1.uminatinginstructionsa1.1.throughmywriting.Itishewhohasspentmuchtimereadingthrougheachdraftandprovidedmewithinspiringadvice.Withouthisconsistentandi1.1.uminatinginstruction,thispapercou1.dnothavereacheditspresentfb11n.Second1.y.1wou1.d1.iketoexpressmythanks1.oProfessor1.iQiangandCveryteacherwhohashe1.pedInewithusefu1.adviceandcomments.Mythanksa1.sogotonyfriendsandnyfe1.1.owc1.assmates,whoa1.waysencouragedmewhenIfe1.tupsetornen,ousinnyprocessofwritingthispaper.Fina1.1.y,Ia1.sooweaspecia1.debtofgratitudetonybe1.ovedfami1.yfortheir1.ovingconsiderationsandgreatconfidenceinmea1.1.throughtheseyears.AbstractInrecentyears,withtherapiddeve1.opmentofdigita1.mu1.timediatechno1.ogy,andthedeepeningofcross-munication,theexchangeoffi1.mandte1.evisionworkshasbecomemoreFrequent.Asaspecia1.fo11noffi1.mandte1.evisionworks,municationwithitsauthenticityandartistry.Inordertohe1.pChineseaudiencetounderstandEng1.ishdocumentariesmoreaccurate1.y,t11ns1.ationstudiesaboutdocUmCntarysubtit1.esarcVCryimportant.BasedontheSkoposthcorjanditsthreeru1.esSkoposru1.e.Coherence111.candtheFide1.ityn1.c-thisthesisfocusesonspecificstrategiesofdocumentarysubtit1.etrans1.ation,bytakingtheBBCdocumentaryWi1.dChinaasanexamp1.e.Keywords:Skopostheorie;subtit1.etrans1.ation;princip1.es;strategies;Wi1.dChina近年来，随着日新月异的数字多媒体技术的快速发展，以及跨文化交流的不断深入,影视作品交流空前活跃。其中，纪录片作为影视作品的种特殊形式，以其真实性和艺术性成为文化传播重要方式,为r使中国观众能然更加准确地理解英文纪录片，纪录片字幕的翻译研究十分重要。本文以翻译目的论为理论指导，以BBC纪录片美丽中国为例,从目的论的三原则（目的原则、连贯原则、忠实原则）出发，通过对案例中中英文字幕的对比研究，并结合具体实例探讨纪录片字幕翻译的具体策略。关健词1目的论：字幕翻译：原则：策略：G美丽中国Contents云南民族大学毕业论文（设计）原创性声明错误!未定义书签.Acknow1.edgmentsAbstractii摘要iiiI. Introduction11.1 BackgroundoftheResearchI1.2 SignifiCanCCoftheResearch21.3 1.iteratureReview31.3.1 DocumentarySubtit1.eTrans1.ationResearchesAbroad41.3.2 DocuncntarjSubtit1.eTrans1.ationResearchesatHome5II. SkopoTheory72.1 BasicConceptsofSkoposTheory72.2 Historica1.Deve1.opmentofSkoposTheory82.3 ThreeRu1.esofSkoposTheOry92.3.1 SkoposRu1.e92.3.2 CoherenceRu1.e92.3.3 Fide1.ityRu1.e9III. DocumentaryFi1.mAndSubtit1.eTrans1.ationIO3.1 DocumentaryFi1.m103.1.1 TypesofDocumentary'103.1.2 Wi1.dChina103.2 DocumentarySubtit1.eTrans1.ation113.2.1 TheSignificanceofTVDocumentarySubtit1.eTrans1.ation113.2.2 1.anguageCharacteristicsofTVDocumentaries113.2.3 ThePresentSituationofTVDoCUmCn1.arySubtit1.eTrans1.ation11!V.Trans1.ationStrategiesAndCaseStudy134.1 1.itera1.Trans1.ation134.2 1.ibera1.Trans1.ation154.3 SimP1.ifiCatiOn174.4 Adaptation18V.Conc1.usion20References211. Introduction1.1 BackgroundoftheResearchWiththerapiddeve1.opmentofg1.oba1.izationandmassmedia,municationbecomesmorepreva1.entbetweenchinaandtheothercountries,whichpromotedthemutua1.importandexportofcu1.tura1.products.Andasthemaincarrierofcu1.tura1.exchange,a1.argenumberOfoutstandingforeignfi1.mandte1.evisionworkshasbeenspreadingintoChina,munication.Asaspecia1.fb11nofHimandte1.evisionworks,theEng1.ishdocumentarycanpresenttherea1.picturefortheaudienceandte1.1.ingthetruestorj.furthermoreita1.sohastheeducationa1.significancewhi1.eentertainingtheaudience.Iherefore.Eng1.ishdocumentaryhasbecomeanimportantwayforChineseaudiencetoundcrsta1.thewesternwor1.d'snatura1.geography,customs,histor),andcu1.ture.Butbecauseof1.anguagebarriers,mostChineseaudiencesneedtore1.yonsubtit1.esinordertounderstandthestory,sotheimportanceofEng1.ishdocumentarysubtit1.et11ns1.atinhasbecomeincreasing1.yprominent.Thus,theEng1.ishdocumentarysubtit1.etrans1.ationisnoton1.ytheconversionbetweenthetwo1.anguages,buta1.soaprocessofcu1.tura1.exchange.IfEmunication,subtit1.etrans1.ationofEmunication.However.Eng1.ishdocumentarysubtit1.etrans1.ationhasnotattractedenoughattention,andresearchondocumentarysubtit1.etrans1.ationinChinaissti1.1.atare1.ative1.yweakposition.Thecurrentresearchesarcon1.y1.imitedtotheprincip1.es,methodsandtechniquesofdocumentarysubtit1.ing.ThereisnosystematicscienceThe<xetica1.guidance.ThecontradictionbetweenthecurrentsituationandthedemandhaspromptedmetohaveamoreindepthstudyofEng1.ishdocumentarysubtit1.etrans1.ation,andto1.earnaboutbestpracticesindoingdocumentarysubtit1.etrans1.ation.On1.yinthiswaycanEng1.ishdocumentariesmeettheneedsoftheaudiencebe1.ter,andmakeEmunication.Skopostheory,whichwasputforwardbyGermanFunctiona1.istSchoo1.,aimsforthepurposeoftrans1.ation,andoffersausefu1.perspectivefortrans1.ationstudies.BasedontheSkox>stheoryanditsthreeprincip1.estheSkoposru1.e,theCoherenceru1.eandtheFide1.ityru1.e-thispaperfocusesonspecificstrategiesfordocumentarysubtit1.etrans1.ation,byusingtheBBCdocumentaryWi1.dChinaasani1.1.ustration.Inconsiderationoftime,space,cu1.tureandotheraspectsoftheinf1.uencefactors;thispaperexp1.oreshowtobesttrans1.atedocumentarySiib1.i1.1.csaccordingtodifferenttrans1.ationpurposes,andana1.yzesthetrans1.ationfromthe1.itera1.trans1.ation,1.ibera1.trans1.ation,trans1.iteration,combinationanddivisionandothertrans1.ationstrategies.ThroughthisstudyofEng1.ishdocumentarysubtit1.etrans1.ationfrom(heperspectiveofSkoPOStheorjtheauthorho>est1.atmoreattentionswi1.1.beattractedtoEng1.ishdocumentaryfi1.msubtit1.etrans1.ation.Andinthetrans1.ationactivitiesandpractices,thetrans1.atorsshou1.daimatthepurposeoftrans1.ationandtaketheunderstandingandacceptanceoftarget1.anguageaudienceasafundamenta1.,andstrivetoimprovethequa1.ityoftrans1.ation.1.2 SignificanceoftheResearchAsanemergingfie1.d,subtit1.etrans1.ationattractsmoreandmorescho1.ars*attention.Ingenera1.,theresearchonEng1.ishsubtit1.etrans1.ationinChinastarted1.ateandthefoundationisre1.ative1.yWeak.Thepresentresearchoften1.acksscientificguidanceandsystematictheory,andthereisnocomp1.etestandardfortheEng1.ishdocumentarysubtit1.etrans1.ation.Therefore,thereisa1.ongwaytogoforChinaonthetrans1.ationofdocumentarysubtit1.e.Inthecontextoftoday*swor1.dcu1.tura1.integration,documentarieshaveaspecia1.significance.ResearchesonEng1.ishdocumentarysubtit1.etrans1.ationcanpromoteinternationa1.cu1.tura1.exchangeandcommunication.ThestudyofEng1.ishdocumentarysubtit1.etrans1.ationcanstudyski1.1.sandsummarize1.hcru1.es,and(henrisetothetheoretica1.1.eve1.,whichisofvita1.importancetotheimprovementoftheEng1.ishdocumentarysubtit1.etrans1.ation.Andu1.timate1.ythePUrPOseofcu1.tura1.exchangescanbeachieved.AsEng1.ishdocumentarysubtit1.etrans1.ationisre1.ative1.ystarted1.ateinChinaand1.acksasystematicguidingtheory,thetrans1.ationprincip1.esandstrategiesinthispapercana1.soprovideareferenceforthetrans1.ationofEng1.ishdocumentarysubtit1.es.Furthermore,thestudyofsubtit1.etrans1.ationofEng1.ishdocumentariescana1.sohe1.pChinesedocumentariesspreadtotheinternationa1.market.Thetheoretica1.systemofthedocumentaryisinter1.inked.Thesubtit1.etrans1.ationstudyoftheEng1.ishdocumentarywi1.1.providetheoretica1.referenceandtechnica1.supportfortheChinesedocumentarysubtit1.etrans1.ation,whichisofgreatsignificanceforthepromotionofChinesedocumentaries.1.3 1.iteratureReview?sanemergingfie1.d,subtit1.etrans1.ationattractsmoreandmorescho1.ars'attention.Inrecentyears,manyscho1.arsandpractitionersareexp1.oringwaysimprovethequa1.ityofsubtit1.etrans1.ation.ChcnHui1.ing(Chen2015:304)thinks*Insubtit1.etrans1.ation,domesticationshou1.dbetakenasamainstrategy,combinedwiththeuseofa1.ienation".Zhangchi(Zhangchi.2015:IO2-IO5)be1.ievesthatsubtit1.et11ns1.ationbecomesmoreefficient1.yguidedbythetrans1.ationvariationtheory.ZhangMinmin(ZhangMimnin12008:34-35)says"Duetothe1.imitationoftimeandspaceandthesynchronizationofsoundandpicture,theprincip1.eofsubtit1.etrans1.ationisthatthetrans1.atorcommunicatesthemostre1.evantinformationinthe1.imitedtimeandspacewiththemosteHectiveway".TogetherWiIhWangXiao1.ing,T1.iangI.iweihadpub1.ishedanartic1.enamedSubtit1.eTrans1.ationStrategiesofEng1.ishVideositexp1.ainedfivefeasib1.estrategies(1.itera1.trans1.ation,freetrans1.ation,1.itera1.p1.usfreetrans1.ation,condensedt11ns1.aiionandcooperative)toavoidasmuchpotentia1.t11ns1.ationtroub1.easpo!isib1.c.Intheirworks.Skopostheoryis1.essusedinstudyofsubtit1.etrans1.ation.Somescho1.arsathomeandabroadSPeCiaIiZeinthedetai1.e<1.interpretationofprincip1.esandtechniquesofEng1.ishdocUmCntarysubtit1.estrans1.ation.Eng1.ishdocUmentarysubtit1.etrans1.ationhas1.ongbeeninaforgottenposition,a1.thoughitbe1.ongstotheCategOryoffi1.mandte1.evisionworkssubtit1.estrans1.ation.Thispapermain1.yfocusesonprincip1.esandstrategicsdocumentarysubtit1.etrans1.ationfromtheperspectiveofSkopostheory.13.1 DorumentarySubtit1.eTrans1.ationResearchesbroadJorgcDiuz-Cintascomments.kfcMoststudiesintoconccniratcsonfi1.ms,forgettingamyriadofotheraudiovisua1.programsthatareconsideredinferior,suchasdocumentaries,cartoonsorseries'：(JorgcDiaz-Cintas,2004.50).Thus,docunwntarysubtit1.etrans1.ationhasbeenignored.Neverthe1.ess,theresearchershavea1.somadetheircontributionsintheEng1.ishsubtit1.esd(umcntar>,trans1.ationarea.InI995tGo1.t1.icbextensive1.ystudiedsubtit1.etrans1.ation,andhehaspub1.ishedmanybooksandartic1.esonsubtit1.etrans1.ation,andpointedoutsomete11nsforsubtit1.etrans1.ation*suchasitsdefinition,c1.assification,trans1.ationstrategiesandtechnica1.constraints.In2001.YvesGambicrpub1.ishedawork,whichnamed(Mu1.ti)MediaTrans1.ation:concepts,practicesmidresearch.Inthisbook,hehasdiscussedthere1.erencesofsubtit1.etrans1.ationandit$causesindiITerenicountries.In2(X)3.hepub1.ishedabkca1.1.edScreenTransadaptation:PerceptionandReception.I1.iepo1.itica1.in11uenceofsubtit1.etrans1.ationhasbeenstudiedinthisbook.In2005hisnewbookSubtit1.ingagainsttheCurrent:Danishconcepts.Eng1.ishmindswaspub1.ished,thestrategiesfortrans1.atingEng1.ishsubtit1.esintoDanishhasbeendiscussed.Inuencedbytheskoostheory,Matama1.afoundthedif1.cu1.ties,which1.aysint11ns1.atingdifferenttypesdocumentarysub1.i1.1.cs(biography,his1.or),andcu1.ture,geographyandsoon).ndittakesMataina1.atwoyears(2006-2007)totrans1.ate20Eng1.ishdocumentariesintoCata1.an,andin2(XW,themainfeaturesofEng1.ishdocumentarysubtit1.ewerefurtherana1.yzed.In2010.JuanJoscMartineZ-SierraregardedEng1.ishdocumentarysubtit1.etrans1.ationasaspecia1.formofaudio-visua1.worksinherbookScienceandTechno1.ogyonScreen,andpointedou1.thatthetypeofEng1.ishdocumentariesandthethreemodesofdocumentarysubtit1.etrans1.ationNarration,DubbingandSubtit1.eTrans1.aiion,whi1.eemphasizingtheimportanceofcorrectt11ms1.ationStnUcgicsinthetrans1.ationofdocumentarysubtit1.es.Nowadayssubtit1.etrans1.ationhasbeenpaidmoreattention.In20()4.theinternationa1.symposiumon1.anguagetransferonscreenwashe1.din1.ondon;in2005,UniversityofBo1.ognahosted(heinternationa1.conferenceon(he1.atestresearchonaudiovisua1.trans1.ation.EuropeanAssociationforStudiesinScreenTrans1.ations(EASST)wasestab1.ishedin1995asthemostin11ucn1.ia1.academicorganizationinthisfie1.d,aimingIostimu1.ateandfaci1.itatethecommunicationamongtheresearchers,teachersandprofessorsinthisfie1.d.13.2 DocumentarySubtit1.eTrans1.ationResearchesatHomeComparingwithothercountries,studiesondocumentarysubtit1.etrans1.ationinchinastartedre1.ative1.y1.ate,andsonwprogresshasbeenmadeinrecentyears.Howcvcntherearcsti1.1.some1.imitations:First1.y,moststudiesarc1.imitedtotrans1.atesomesubtit1.esoffi1.msandTVdramas,whi1.e1.essattentionispaid(oemergingformssuchasdocumentaries.Second1.y,mostofsubtit1.etrans1.atorsaretheon-1.inesub1.i1.1.cgroups,anditstrans1.ationqua1.ityis1.ackofauthorityandaccuracy.,hird1.y,asystematictheoretica1.ana1.ysisframeworkexp1.oresubtit1.etrans1.ationhasnotbeenStab1.ishedyet.FotiosKaramitrOgIOUoncepointedoutafact:thestatusoffi1.mtrans1.ationhasnota1.waysbeenregardedasimportantas1.iterarytrans1.ation.QianShaochang.awe1.1.-knownChinesefi1.mandte1.evisiontrans1.ator,a1.sodeep1.ybe1.ieves(hatthepositiontrans1.ationofsubtit1.esinfi1.mandte1.evisionworksis1.essdominantthanthatin1.iterarytrans1.ation.Hea1.sopointedout:Theaspects1.ikethere1.evantcoursesofferedinCo1.1.eges,thepub1.icationofre1.evantpapersinacademicjourna1.setc.whichhasbeenref1.ectedarenotcompatib1.ewiththesocia1.ro1.eoffi1.mandte1.evisiontrans1.ation(QianShaochang,2(XX):61).In1998,ZhangChunbaisummedupthenature,princip1.esandski1.1.soffi1.mandte1.evisiondramatrans1.ation.Hebe1.ievesthatsubtit1.etrans1.ationshou1.dfocusonthetarget1.anguageaudience,andtotakefu1.1.accountofthetarget1.anguageaudience1.eve1.of1.anguageandcu1.tura1.awareness(ZhangChunbai.1998:50-53).In2001.1.iYunxing.fromTianjinNonna1.University,wroteanartic1.enamedStrategiesforTrans1.atingSubtit1.esandhasi(pub1.ishedinChineseTrans1.atorsJourna1.Hepointedoutthebasicrequirementforsubtit1.etrans1.ationistoprovidere1.evantinformationtothetargetaudiencein1.imitedtimeandspace.Theartic1.ea1.soana1.yzes(hecharacteristicsofsubtit1.etrans1.ationandthecorrespondingtrans1.ationstrategicsfromthreeaspects:timeandspaceconstraints,info11nationfunctionsandcu1.tura1.factors(1.iYunxing,20()1:38-39).In2002.Onthebasisofyearsoftrans1.ationpractice,CCTVeditorZhaoChunineiwroteanartic1.enamedTrans1.ationintoChineseofFi1.mScriptsundScriptsofTVDramaSeriesFourMainConf1.ictingDemands.Inthispaper,shesummarizedk>urcontradictionsinthetrans1.ationoffi1.mandte1.evisionworks:thecontradictionbetweencontentandmouth,thecontradictionbetweenthewordorderandpicture,thecontradictionbetween1.oca1.izationandforcignization.thecontradictionbetweenthespoken1.anguageandthewritten1.anguage.(ZhaoChunmci,2002:49)Insummary,thetrans1.ationofChinesefi1.mandte1.evisionworkssubtit1.esdohavesomeprogress.Bu1.therearcsti1.1.manyprob1.ems.Ontheonehand,therearefewstudiesaboutsubtit1.etrans1.ationoffi1.mandte1.evisionworks,andtherearefewerSiudiesfocustheEng1.ishdocunj11iarysubtit1.estrans1.ation.Ontheotherhand,a1.thoughsomescho1.arsandresearcherssharetheirtrans1.ationexperiencefromtheaspectsoftrans1.ationstrategiesandtrans1.ationprincip1.es,theyaremost1.ygenera1.abstraction.ThroughouttheresearchstatusquoofEng1.ishdocunwniarj,subtit1.estGins1.ationbothabroadandathome,theEng1.ishdocumentarysubtit1.etrans1.ationhasattractednxreattention.However,itisworthnotingSkopostheoryis1.essusedintheresearchesondocumentarysubtit1.etrans1.ation,thisstudyana1.ysis(heprincip1.esandStrategiesofdocumentarysubtit1.etrans1.ationfromthePerSpeC1.iVeofSkopostheory,whichhasitsnewspecia1.theoretica1.significance.Thetrans1.atorandtheresearchershou1.dIrytoimprovethequa1.ityoftrans1.ationandensuretheeffectoftrans1.ationbasedonthepurposeoftrans1.ation,munication.11. SkoposTheoryTrans1.ationSkopostheoryhasb