2024年GenAI重塑数字经济报告-73正式版.docx

GenAIReshapingtheDigita1.EconomyUnderstandingGenerativeA1.andun1.ockingitspowerforasafeandsustainab1.eDigita1.Economy.TAB1.EOFCONTENTSExecutiveSummary04Introduction071.1 Artificia1.Inte1.1.igence(AI)&GenerativeA1.071.2 GenerativePre-TrainedTransformer(GPT)101.3 GenerativeA1.Too1.s111.4 GenAI&Digita1.Enomy14BackgroundandHistoryofGenerativeA1.&anditstoo1.s172.1 History172.2 CharacteristicsofGenAIToo1.s202.3 GenAI-BasedSystemsBack-EndOperations212.4 ResearchGaps,andOrContribution22App1.icationsofGenerativeA1.anditsToo1.s233.1 Pub1.icSector243.2 PrivateSector25GenerativeA1.Mode1.sandDigita1.Economy274.1 Financia1.Sector,Inc1.udingCustomerOperations.304.2 Hea1.thSector314.3 EducationSector334.4 MarketingandSa1.es344.5 C1.imateChange354.6 Agricu1.tureSector364.7 ProductAndServicesR&D374.8 Misce1.1.aneousSpectrumofGenerativeA1.anditsToo1.s38Cha1.1.engesofGenerativeA1.&itsToo1.s395.1 Ethica1.Cha1.1.enges405.2 GenericCha1.1.enge45RecommendationsonGenAItoRevo1.utionizeTheDigita1.Economy476.1 Formu1.ationofHo1.isticEthica1.Guide1.inesandFrameworksFor47GenAI-BasedToo1.s6.2 Ear1.yGenAIAdoptionByTheBusinessCommunity496.3 Deve1.opmentofNationa1.GenerativeA1.Strategy526.4 IncentivesforGenAI536.5 Disc1.osureofGenAI1anditsToo1.s,1.ikeChatGPT1StatusasanA1.541.anguageMode1.6.6 GenAIStandardsandPrincip1.es556.7 SignificantDigita1.1.iteracyGenAI566.8 ResearchonGenAI1Inc1.uding1.1.ms576.9 UseOpen-SourceGenAIMode1.s586.10 Estab1.ishmentofCperativeInfrastructureForGenAIMode1.s596.11 G1.oba1.CooperationforGenAIForGood606.12 GenAITechFirms'CommitmentWithTheOtherStakeho1.ders,61Inc1.udingGovernments.6.13 ConstitutionofAnIndependentAuthoritytoMonitorandAna1.yze61GenAIToo1.sPerformance.GenerativeA1.T1.s,1.ikeCha1.GPT,1.imitations62Conc1.usion63Contributors65Bib1.iography66Disc1.wmcrTNs*h<teisa*wngRPe(andhe11o?itrepteserttresearchinprognjw.fcCCUnet11ecwr<yrejectteHc1.vwwsoftheOCOMeEbtySteW.1101IhsMCPOW1.ccQ811y双8Wmem帅6AJIek>f1.s*vwm>toOOrrQiBthe1.388ocbandarwen1.aspowiUt,必Wdon0'ZUUAitf11Mxtfftu½TbeDCOCcnoctAk和rafipcrfc4ttfordaIhAImayMOACCUmktTh®nurAn&compAiM.pro1.xiA,rvx5.coc.mcrt>fK)dinINsCccumcrtarcnotrterdcdManorrc<11<a*D,isStarterStatesCC三tafmctrtccs.Thoyarosorteda*ph3t>e>cdfyandnotnCrCteC&presence.A1.tr11e5inIheWntepprare5ererjebyJnftaa1.indigenceICctoth11jghz6cPrOrTP¢5.rrra1.edtoXaEaf1.Bn*ard5.XGO24mDitA1.CocfMfA1.hxtOrganttAtton1A1.rhcargqcsdEXECUTIVESUMMARYGenerativeArtificia1.Inte1.1.igence(GenAI)isanemergingandgroundbreakingareaofArtificia1.Inte1.1.igence(AI)thatcreatesandunderstandsqua1.itytext,images,audio,videos,3Dmode1.s,andothercontentfromtrainingdatasets.Genera1.1.y,A1.isaparadigm-shiftingideathatentai1.sthecreationofinte1.1.igentcomputerscapab1.eofcarryingouttasksthatordinari1.ydemandhumaninte1.1.igence.A1.inc1.udesavarietyoftechno1.ogiesandmethodo1.ogies,1.ikecomputervision,deep1.earning,natura1.1.anguageprocessing,andmachine1.earning.A1.systemsusedatatoidentifypatterns,makechoices,andtakeactiontoreachpredeterminedobjectives.A1.1inc1.udingtheGenAI1canincreaseproductivity,accuracy,andefficiency,1.oweringcostsandimprovingcustomersatisfaction.Virtua1.assistants,chatbots,recommendationsystems,andautonomousvehic1.esarejustafewexamp1.esofA1.-poweredapp1.icationsthatarea1.readyimpactingthedigita1.economy.GenAIcangeneratesubstantia1.1.yrationa1.andcomp1.excontentthatmimicshumancreativity,makingitava1.uab1.etoo1.fornumerouseconomicareas,1.ikeentertainmentinc1.udinggamedesign,moviemaking,andproductdesign,etc.GenAIisbasedonGPT(GenerativePre-trainedTransformer),atypeof1.arge1.anguageMode1.(1.1.M).andituti1.izesdeep1.earningtogeneratehuman-1.ike,conversationa1.text.The1.1.Msaregenera1.-purposetechno1.ogies,andtheirversati1.itya1.1.owsthemtobeapp1.iedindiversescenarios.TherearevariousGenerativeA1.too1.sapartfromOpenAIChatGPT.Thefo1.1.owingaretheexamp1.esofGenAItoo1.s:Chatsonic,Gg1.eA1.bard.1.1.M-Augmenter1MicrosoftDynamics365Copi1.ot,MicrosoftnewBing1Sa1.esforceEinsteinGPT1andYouChat.However,thispapermain1.yconcentratesontheGenAItoo1.ChatGPT.ChatGPTisoneofthemostpopu1.arapp1.icationsofGenerativeA1.thatprocessesnatura1.1.anguageprompts,offersdetai1.edresponses,andassiststheusersincomp1.etingthetasks1.ikecomposingemai1.s,essays,andevenprogrammingcodes.ThemechanismthatpowerstheGenAItoo1.'ChatGPT'inc1.udestraining,inputprocessing,inference,andresponsecreation,amongothersteps.Itisaconversationa1.agentdrivenbyGenAIthatsignificant1.yimpactsthedigita1.enomybyrevo1.utionizingc1.ientre1.ationships,enhancingoperationa1.effectiveness,andspurringbusinessexpansions.SuchGenAItoo1.simprovethecustomerexperiencebyofferingindividua1.izedandinteractivesupporttwenty-fourhoursadaywithitscapacitytocomprehendandprovidehuman-1.ikeresponses.TheGenAItoo1.s,1.ikeChatGPT1forexamp1.e,serveasvirtua1.assistantsorcustomersupportrepresentativesforbusinesses,providingon-demandassistance,respondingtoinquiries,andassistingwithpurchasingdecisions.Thisresu1.tsinincreasedconsumerinvo1.vement,ntentment,and1.oya1.ty.Suchinnovativetoo1.simproveoperationa1.efficiencybyautomatingrepetitiveoperationsandofferingpromptandaccurateresponses,savingenterprisestime&resources,andincreasesa1.eproductivitytogeneratebusinessfirms'revenues,andtontributeforthegrowthofdigita1.economy.ItisimportanttorememberthatGenerativeA1.-basedapp1.ications,1.ikeChatGPT1re1.yonstatistica1.patternsdiscoveredfromtrainingdataandcannota1.waysproducef1.aw1.essorntextua1.1.yre1.evantresponses.Themode1.'scapabi1.itiesarecurrent1.ybeingimproved,andissueswith1.anguageunderstanding,interpretingntext,andcreatinghigh-qua1.ityresponsesarebeingaddressed.Additiona1.1.y,extrastepsaretakenduringthefine-tuninganddep1.oymentstagestocustomizeandoptimizeGenAItoo1.s,1.ikeChatGPT1forvariousapp1.ications,domains,orusecases.Thisentai1.sfurtherdomain-specificdatasettrainingandrterativadvancementsbasedonuserinputandactua1.userinteractions.Despitenumerouscha1.1.engesofGenAItoo1.s,inc1.udingethica1.cha1.1.enges,itiscaptivatingVentureCapita1.（VC）investors'attention,andtheyarefinancingtheGenerativeA1.startups.Besidesthat,a1.1.otherstartupssawa24%dropininvestment.G1.oba1.1.y,investmentsinGenAIareexpectedtohitUSD42bi1.1.ionbytheendof2023（i）.Forexamp1.e,Mistra1.A1.1aParis-basedstart-upjustamontho1.d,pickedupUSD110mi1.1.ioninseedfundingtobui1.dandtrainaGenerativeA1.mode1.Simi1.ar1.y,Sa1.esforceVenturesannouncedexpandingitsGenerativeA1.FundtoUSD500mi1.1.ion,upfromUSD250mi1.1.ioninMarch2023（2）.Inarecentreportontheeconomicpotentia1.ofGenAItitismentionedthatGenAIcande1.iveratota1.va1.ueintherangeofUSD2.6tri1.1.iontoUSD4.4tri1.1.ionineconomicbenefitsannua1.1.ywhenapp1.iedacrossindustries.Theyfurtheraddedthatitwou1.dadd15to40%totheUSD11.0tri1.1.iontoUSD17.7tri1.1.ionofenomicva1.uethattheynowestimatenongenerativeartificia1.inte1.1.igenceandana1.yticsu1.dun1.ock侬Thegovernments,businessmmunity,andeventhecreatorsofsuchGenAI-basedtoo1.swanttoestab1.ish1.1.atxxationtoformu1.ateaba1.ancedregu1.atoryframework,standards,andprincip1.estomanagethecha1.1.engesofGenAItoo1.storeapmaximumbenefitsfromthisnove1.techno1.ogy'simpactonproductivitythat1.daddhandsomefinancia1.va1.ue,intheformoftri1.1.ionsofdo1.1.ars,tothedigita1.economy同raWenotednumerouscha1.1.enges,inc1.udingethica1.cha1.1.enges,1.ike1.ackofdatasecurity,acuntabi1.ity,transparency,digita1.1.iteracy,andprivacyregardingGenAItoo1.sthatcou1.driseinequa1.ity,increasepyrightinfringements,embedbiasesintrainingdata,reducere1.iabi1.ity,enhancediscrimination,andtoxicityofissues,1.ackofho1.isticregu1.atoryframework,inadequateNationa1.StrategyandPo1.icyforGenAItoo1.s,non-avai1.abi1.ityofmp1.ete,andqua1.itydata.Weexp1.ainsuchcha1.1.engesintheforthmingsectionsofthispaper.Wea1.soproposeasetofremmendations1inc1.udingregu1.atory,andstrategyremmendationsbasedontheinvestigationof1.iterature,throughSystematic1.iteratureReviewmethod,andinforma1.interactionsoftheauthorswithindustryexperts.Theremmendationsthatinc1.ude,butarenot1.imitedtothefo1.1.owing:formu1.ationofethica1.guide1.ines,andframeworkforGenAItoo1.s,ear1.yA1.adoptionbythebusinesscommunity,inc1.udingretai1.andnsumerpackagedgoods(CPG)industry,hea1.th,andeducation,andbankingsectorsinvariousareasforbetterimpactontheirbusinessfunctions,formu1.ationofnationa1.GenAIstrategy,incentivesforGenAIat1.eve1.sfordeve1.opment,testing,andadoptionofsuchtechno1.ogiesbasedtoo1.s,createawareness,anddigita1.1.iteracyaboutGenAItoo1.stotack1.emisconceptionaboutGenAImode1.s,deve1.opmentofsuitab1.estandards,andprincip1.estosafeguardagainstsideeffectsofGenAItoo1.s.Wehavementioneddetai1.sabouteachproposedrecommendationintheforthcomingpapersections.GenerativeA1.1anditstoo1.s,1.ikeChatGPT,areatthe1.ipsofeveryEntrepreneur,VentureCapita1.ist,CEO,Journa1.ists,po1.icymaker,andindividua1.Itisa1.socritica1.forthemtomakeco1.1.aborativeeffortstoba1.anceinnovationandregu1.atorymeasurestomanageGenAIt1.ssideeffects.Moreover,itisequa1.1.yimportantnottostif1.einnovationandthepotentia1.impact,inc1.udingpossib1.eeconomicimpactsthatGenAIbringstobusinessesandsociety.A1.isattheheartoftheDigita1.CperationOrganization(DCO)agenda.InntinuationofexistingeffortsonA1.techno1.ogies,theDCOiscurrent1.yinp1.anningstagesfortheintroductionofsevera1.initiatives,suchasdeve1.opmentofA1.too1.kittoassisttheDCOMemberStatesontheA1.readinessandadoptionofA1.intoaMemberStatebusinesssystemtoimproveproductivity,qua1.ityofservices,andefficiencyacrossvariousgovernmentdepartments.INTRODUCTION1.1 Artificia1.Inte1.1.igence(AI)&GenerativeA1.TheadventofArtificia1.Inte1.1.igence(AI)hasreformedthefashionbusinessesoperateinthedigita1.enomyindifferentsignificantways,name1.y,automation&efficiency,data-drivendecision-making,customercare,inte1.1.igentvirtua1.assistants,processoptimization,advancedfrauddetection&security,etc.A1.isthemostfundamenta1.transformativeemergingtechno1.ogy,andithasthepotentia1.toaddressmostofthecritica1.issuesweface,1.ikec1.imatechangeandthedigita1.divide.A1.inc1.udingGenAIarethesimu1.ationofhumaninte1.1.igencebymachines,particu1.ar1.ymputersystemsusinghigh-1.eve1.a1.gorithms,toperformtasksthatwou1.dotherwiserequirehumaninte1.1.igence团.WepromotetheuseofA1.asitfaci1.itatesde1.iveringhigh-qua1.itygoodsandservicesinvarioussectors,1.ikehea1.th,education,economy,justice,agricu1.ture,etc.,toachieveSDGsby2030沏斗Figure1POrtraySare1.ationshipbetweenA1.andGenerativeA1.7GenAIReshapingtheDigita1.EconomyArtificia1.Inte1.1.igeneMachine1.earningFigure1:Re1.ationshipbetweenA1.andGenerativeNatura1.1.anguageProcessing(N1.P)isanareawithinthediscip1.ineofA1.thatempowersmachineswiththecapacitytoread,mprehendandextractmeaningfromhuman1.anguages.Themaingoa1.ofN1.Pistofi1.1.thegapbetweenhowhumansmmunicateandhowcomputersunderstand.Someessentia1.researchtasksinN1.Pinc1.udeautomaticsummarization,co-referencereso1.ution,discourseana1.ysis,machinetrans1.ation,morpho1.ogica1.segmentation,namedentityrecognition,andpart-offspeechtagging.N1.Pcanbec1.assifiedintotwosections.ThefirstsectionisNatura1.1.anguageA1.Understanding,whichempowersmachinestounderstandandana1.yzenatura1.1.anguagebyextractingconcepts,emotions,keywords,andothere1.ementstofaci1.itateunderstandingofthecontextde1.iveredbyhuman1.anguage.ThesecondsectionisNatura1.1.anguageGeneration(N1.G)whichinvo1.vesgeneratingmeaningfu1.,rationa1.,andf1.uentphrases,sentences,andparagraphs,1.ikehuman-producedntent,basedoninterna1.representation.TheN1.GisanimportantareaofGenerativeA1.GenerativeA1.(GenAI)isakindofArtificia1.Inte1.1.igencethatcancreatenewcontent,1.iketext,images,audio,videos,programmingde,3Dmode1.s,etc.(io).(n).GenAIisa1.soknownasamachine-1.earningframework(iq,asetofa1.gorithms12,andadeep-1.eamingmode1.q.TheGenAIa1.gorithmsareconstructedontopoffoundationmode1.strainedonamassiveamountofrawdatainase1.f-supervisedwaytodiscoverunder1.yingpatternsforabroadrangeofjobs.GenAI-basedsystems,1.ikeChatGPT,generateva1.idtext,1.ikehuman-gprethemostnota8GenA1.ReshapingtheDigita1.EconomyChatGPTisanA1.Chatbotthatre1.ieson1.arge1.anguageMode1.s(1.1.M),1.ikeGPT3.5andGPT4,trainedonvastvo1.umesoftextforthepurposeofrespondingtoqueries,textsummarization,andsentimentana1.ysis.DA1.1.-E1amu1.timoda1.foundationmode1.,canbeuti1.izedtocreateimages,expandimagesbeyondtheirorigina1.size,ora1.terexistingpaintigs.1.therecent-past,OpenAI(deve1.operofChatGPT)a1.sore1.easedDa1.1.-E2,anewversionofDA1.1.-E1whichisimprovedonthemethodsusedforitsfirstgenerationtocreatemorehigh-endandphotorea1.isticimages.SuchkindofGenerativeA1.hasthepotentia1.tosignificant1.yacce1.erateA1.adoption,eveninorganizations1.ackingA1.expertise.InA1.,anditssub-domains,amongthevariousA1.mode1.s1.ikewiseSupervised,Unsupervised1ReinforcementorDeep1.earning,ComputervisionorGenerativemode1.s,theabi1.ityof1.anguagemode1.stoana1.yzeandmprehendenormousvo1.umesoftextua1.datahasattractedmuchattention.Forexamp1.e.GenerativePre-trainedTransformer(GPT)andChatGPTweredeve1.oper：by"OpenAwhichisanAmericanorganizationfocusedonadvancingArtificia1.Genera1.Inte1.1.igence(AGI)safe1.yandbeneficia1.1.yforhumans.A1.andotherkindsofA1.techno1.ogiesinvo1.ve1.earning,reasoning,perception,anddecision-making;therefore,suchA1.t1.sandtechno1.ogieshavethepotentia1.toimpactthedigita1.economyinnumerousaspects,1.ikeprovisionofimprovedcustomerservice,increasingefficiency,makingtrend-baseddecisions,enhancinguserexperience,etc.wea1.soexp1.aintheapp1.icationsofGenAI1andsuchtechno1.ogy-basedtoo1.inthepub1.ic,andprivatesectorsintheforthcomingsectionofthepaper.1.2 GenerativePre-TrainedTransformer(GPT)TheGenerativePre-TrainedTransformerAs1.arge1.anguageMode1.(1.1.M)(GPT)isa1.anguagemode1.uti1.izesdeve1.opeddeep1.earning,amode1.ofmachinebyOpenAI.Itisanadvancedartificia1.1.earning,inte1.1.igencesystemtrainedon1.argetoprocessandgeneratenatura1.amountsoftextdatatoproducehuman-1.anguage1.iketextbasedonaprovidedpromptortext.Suchmode1.saretrainedonntext.Themode1.is-pre-trained"inthatmassiveitisinitia1.1.ytrainedona1.argecorpusofamountsoftextdata,a1.1.owingthem(已具IUd1.dd1.IQVd1.1.UItJ1.IDeHnbrUHeUurocertainjobs,1.ikentextua1.understandingearnthenuancesandcomp1.exitiesintermsoftextcomp1.etion,questionOfanswering,andmachinetrans1.ation.humanIangUage【划.GPTusesadeep1.earningtechniqueca1.1.edGPT-3wasintroducedwiththeabi1.itytransformerarchitecture',thata1.1.owsittotoprocessandunderstanddatasequencesgratehigh-qua1.itytextandperforinaSUChastext”与widerangeof1.anguagetasks.OnMarch14.2023,OpenAIre1.easedGPT-4,a1.argemu1.timoda1.mode1.(acceptingimageandtextinputsandemittingtextoutputs)IP4Subsequent1.y.GPT5,onceagain1.argerthan10GenA1.ReshapingtheDigita1.EconomyGPT4,isschedu1.edtocomeoutoftrainingin2024s.1.3GenerativeA1.Too1.sGenAI-basedtoo1.scancreatenewntent,suchas: