Edible Vaccines A study of the Norwalk virus capsid ：食用疫苗的诺沃克病毒衣壳的研究.docx
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Edible Vaccines A study of the Norwalk virus capsid ：食用疫苗的诺沃克病毒衣壳的研究.docx
EdibleVaccinesAstudyoftheNorwalkviruscapsid:食用疫苗的诺沃克病毒衣壳的探讨SAMP1.EABSTRACT(2009ABSTRACTSSTARTONNEXTPAGE!):EdibleVaccines:.>studyoftheNorwa1kviruscapsidprotein(NVCB)inpotatoesandtobaccoJaneDoe,November4,200XInanagewherethereisthemedicalknowledgetovaccinatechildrenandwardoflife-threateningdiseasesthereareanestimated900,000childrenintheUSandmillionsindevelopingnationsthatstillremainunvaccinatedtoday.Inaddition,about$17.5billionarelostannualIytolivestockandpoultryproductsasaresultofdiseaseeventhoughwehavetheknowledgetovaccinatetheseanimalsaswel1.Althoughwehavetheknowledgetovaccinateallanimalsalikewedonothavethecapability.Mostparenteral(injectedvaccines)arecostlytodevelopandship,requirerefrigeration(cold-chain)aswellasneedtrainedpersonneltoinjectitsubcutaneously.Thesethingstogethermakeitdifficultforwidespreadvaccinationeffortsparticularlyindevelopingnationswheremostofthesediseasesremainendemic.Ediblevaccinesmightbeasolutionthatwillenablethepositiveeffectsofvaccinestobefarreachingandtodecreasesomepotentialhazardsassociatedwithparenteralvaccinessuchastoxiccompounds,allergicresponsesandriskofattenuatedstrainsrevertingtopathogenicstrains.Ediblevaccinesofferawaytodeliveravaccincorally,withouttheneedforthecoldchain,decreasecostsofproductionandshippingandmaybeidealforfacingbio-weaponsandveterinaryuseamongotherbenefits.Whenchoosingaplanttobeusedasavaccineitisimportantthatitisahardy,palatableplantthatishighinnutritiveandproteincontent.Theplantisalsoonethatwouldbestbeindigenoustothecountryinwhichitistobeusedandshouldbeabletobetransformedrelativelyeasily.Tobaccoplantshavebeenusedextensivelyinthisresearchbutnewworkisbeingdoneinpotatoes,tomatoes,lettuce,cornandothercropplants.1.ittleisknownabouttheoptimumdosageneededtoconferimmunityorhowlongthisimmun.
