RIP-综合实验.docx

1.o120.1.1.2/24R2WWW2CTO.COMkRI,R2,R3,R4运行RlPY22、Rl以广播的形式发送路由给20.I.3.0的路由10、R2上看到5.5.5.0的路由为IO跳11.R5向RIPja告一条一认路由R2(confi)isinterface1.OOPbaCk3R2(config-if)#ipaddress20.1.3.2255.255.255.0R2(confi)8intf00R2(config-if)ipadd12.1.1.2255.255.255.0R2(config-if)noshutdownR2(config-if)Bdup1exful1R-I(Config)Sinterfaceloopback1R4(configif)=ipadd4.4.4.4255.255.255.0R4(config)#intf00R4(confi-if)tfipadd12.1,1.4255.255.255.0Rl(config-if)SnoshutdownR4(config-if)OduplexfullRIconfi)Rintl'00RKconfigif)Sipadd12.1.1.1255.255.255.0RKconfigif)SnoshutdownR2(config-if)Sduplexful1Rl(confi-if)i11tcrfacesl/1Rl(confi-if)4ipadd13.1.1.1255.255.255.OIU(config-if)ttnoshutdownR3(config)Rintsl/1R3(config-if)ipadd13.1.1.3255.255.255.0R3(co11figif)#noshutR3(configif)Pintsl0R3(config-if)ipadd35.1.1,3255.255.255.0R3(config-if)nushutdownR5(config)#interfaceloopback1R5(config-if)Oipadd5.5.5.5255.255.255.0R5(config)9intsl0R5(nfig-if)Sipadd35.1.1.5255.255.255.0R5(co11figif)Pnoshutdown按以上配置好后，运用口in吩时确保网络连通性正常。kR1.R2、R3、Rl运行RIPV2R2(config)#routerrip#启用RlP协议R2(confi-router)vcrsion2#启用RlPV2版本R2(config-router)network.0"宣告主类网段R2(config-router)network12.0.0.0R2(config-router)Rnoauto-su三nary#不发自动汇总路由Rl(config)SrouterripR4(confi-router)Svorsion2R4(config-rouler)nauto-suwnaryR4(config-routor)Itnetwork4.0.O.ORl(config-router)network12.O.O.ORI(config)UrouterripRl(config-router)Aversion2Rl(configrouter)noautoSUBfnnryRl(configrouter)network12.O.O.ORKconfig-routcr)Snetwork13.O.O.OR3(config)UrouterripR3(config-router)Aversion2R3(config-router)Onoaut-sunmnryR3(config-router)network13.O.O.OR3(configrouter)#network35.O.O.O2. Rl以广播的形式发送路由送.O网段Rl(Config)Uint00RKconfigif)=ipripv2broadcast#接口下以广播的形式发送版本2的史新Rl(configif),dodebugiprip*启用debug询试路由更新.可看到RI在F0/0口上运用广揄更新Sep620:36:08.895:RIP:sendingv2updateto255.255.255.255viaFastEthernetOZO(12.1.1.1)Sep620:36:08.895:RIP:buiIdupdateentries*S叩620:36:08.895:13.1.1.0/24viaO.O.O.O.metricI.tagOSep620:36:08,895:35.1.1.0/24viaO.O.O.O.metric2»tagO3、R5运行RlPWR5(config)RrouterripR5(config-router)CverR5(co11figrouter)version1R5(configrouter)network此时在R5Ng看路由只有宜连接路由：其它路由器上没有R5的路由。缘由在R5上运行的是Vl版本行I只收发运行VI路由)，其它路由器上运行的是V2(V2只收发运行V2路由解决的方法是：在接口下限刎发送接收的更新版本路由。可见后面明细路由时的配4、R1.R2R4所在的.0网段进行MD5认证Rl(config)Ukeychaincisco"定义钥匙链名称，只有本地意义，路由器之间的keychain可以不同R1(config-keychain)Rkey1。指定Key-IDteRl(configkeychainkey)Skeystringtgh二指定Key密码,路由器之间的KeyString要保持一样R1(confiJrkcychain-key)#exitRKconfi-koychain)cxitRl(config)intf00Rl(config-if)ipripauthenticationm<xlemd5菅在接口下启用Nd5认证方式(默认为明文)RI(COnfig-if)Oipripauthenticationkey-chaincisco的接口下IB用的匙tR2(config)SkeychainciscoR2(config-keychain)key1Kcy-stri11要保持一样R2(cnfig-keychain-key)#kcy-stringlghR2(confi-keychain-key)#CXilR2(config-keychain)exitR2(config*inif00K2(config-if)Sipripauthenticationmodemd5R2(config-if)Sipripauthenticationkey-chainciscoR4(config)SkeychainciscoR4(confikeychain)Ckey1R4(config-kcychainkey)t!key-strirIKh=KCy-SIrinK要保持一样RKconfig-keychain-key)*exitIM(config-keychain)SexitIM(Config)RintOOIM(config-if)Sipripauthenticationmodemd5R4(configif)Sipripauthenticationkey-chaincisco明文认SE的匹配原则是，发送方发送生小的Keyn)的密的(key-string).并且不密KeyID；接收方会和全部的keychain中的密钥(key-string)加配.假如兀配胜利.才能过认证。YD5认证的匹配原则是：发送方发送最小的keyID的密朗(key-siring)并携带KeyID号码;接收方会先去匹配具有相向的KeyD的密钥,假加密钥楣同,则只匹限次,就可确定认证是否胜利：假如没有相同的KeyD,只向下查找次KeylD(只检式该KeyII)号中的密钥),匹配，认证胜利：不匹配，认证失败.注,RIP中每个路由更新报文技大可包含25条路的,做了明文认证后只能包含24条,做了MD5认证后只能包含23条.5、Rl要求看到全制明细路由R5(config)Rrouterrip#关闭汇总#接口模式下发送V2更新.此时R5(configrouter)#noautosu11maryR5(co11fig)Sintsi/OR5(config-if)#ipripsendversion2其它路由器学到R5上的全部条目R5(confiR-if)Sipripreceiveversion2#接口模式卜接收Y2更新，此时R5学到其它路由涔上的全部路由6、R3要若到条.0/16汇总路由R3showiprouteCodes:C-connectedS-sialic,R-RIP>W-三obile,B-BGPD-ElGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal.0-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaNl-OSITNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSITNSSAexternaltype2EI-OSPFexternaltype1.E2-OSPFexternaltype2i-IS-IS.su-IS-ISs三nary,1.l-IS-ISlevel-1,1.2-IS-ISIeveI-2iaISISinterarea.Candidntedefault.UperuserstaticrouteoODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotset35. 0.0.0/24issub<ettcd,1subnets1. .1.1.0isdirectlyconnected,Serial1/0.0/24issubnetted,Isubnets4. 4.4.0120/2vi.lt00:00:12,Serial1/120.0.0.0/24isSubnctted93subnets此时20段路20.1.1.0120/2vi.1,00:00:12,Serial1/1由并没有汇总20.1.3.0120/2vi.h00:00:12.Serial1/120.1.2.0120/2vi.1.00:00:12,Serial1/15.0.0.02dissubnetted,1subnets5. 5,5,0120/1via35.1.1.5.00:00:15,Serial1/012.0.0.0/24issuletted,1subnets12.1.1.0120/1vi.1,00:00:12.Serial1/113.00.0/21issubnetted.1subnets13.1.1.0isdirectlyconnected.Serial1/1sl/1Rl(config-if)ipsuwnary-addressri*通过在Rl的Sl/1接口上手动汇总跖由，如此可削何路由条目,并可节约内存开销IWICariproute*RSPshowiprouteCodes:C-connectcd>S-static*R-RIP,M-BobilaB-BGPD-EIGRHEX-EIGRPexternal.O-GSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaNl-OSITNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSITNSSAexternaltype2El-OSPFexternaltypeI1E2-OSITexternaltype2i-IS-IS.su-IS-ISsuninary,1.l-IS-ISlevel-l,1.2-IS-ISIeve1-2ia-IS-ISinterarea,-candidatedefau11,U-per-userstaticrouteoODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotset35.0.0.0/24issubnettcd>1subnetsC35.1.1.0isdirectlyconnected.SerialI/O.0/24issubnetted,1subnetsR4.4,4,0120/2vi.1,00:00:01,Serial1/120.0.0.0/16issubnetted,1subnets*此时到的是一条20.1.0.0/16汇总路由R20.1.0.0120/2vi.1,00:00:01,Seriall/l12.0.0.0/24isSubfietlcd11subnetsR.0120/1vi.1,00:00:01.Seriall/113.0.0.0/24isSUbnetted,1subnetsC13.1.1.0isdirectlyconnected,Seriall/17RUR3之间尽少的更新R3(cnfi)*i11lsl/1：触发更新是只在拓扑发生改变的状况下才发送路由更新信息，平常不会周期性发送路由更新R3(config-if)0ipriptriggered才接口下开E触发更新，只适用在申行链跖，且两边要同时开启，否则无效。有改变才更新，适合于低带宽钺路Rl(config)intsl/1Rl(configif)fipriptriggered8、R3,R5之间不能有广播和组播更新R3(config)UrouterripR3(config-router)eneighbor35.1.1.5R3(configrouter)passiveinterfacesl/O二指定RIP以单播的形式发送更新给指定的邻居.passive只关闭广播和组播不能关闭单播R5(cnfig)#routertipR5(config-router)Oneighbor35.1.1.3R5(config-router)Opassive-interfacesl/O9、R4上不能看到.020.1.3.0的路由IM(config)WoshowiprouteCodes:C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M-三obile,B-BGPI)-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal.0-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaNl-OSpFxSSRexternaltypeI,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2El-OSPFexternaltypeltE2OSPFexternaltype2iISIS.suISISsuamary.1.lIS-ISlevel1.1-2IS-ISlevel2ia-IS-ISinterarea,calidatcdefau11,U-Pe1.USCrSlatiCrOUtCo-ODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotset35.0.0.0/24isSUbnetled,1subnets35.1.1.0120/2vi.1,00:00:01,FastEthernetOZO1.0.0.02lissubnetted,IsubnetsI.I.I.0i：-dirtct!yconnected.I.oop!,.：subnets20.0.0.0/24issubnetted.320.1.1.0120/1vi.2,00:00:02.FastEthernetOZO20.1.3.0120/1vi.2>00:00:02,FasiEihcrnelOZO20.1.2.0120/1vi.2,00:00:02,FastElhernctOZO5.0.0.0/24issubnetted,1subnets5.5,5,0120/3vi.1,00:00:01,FastEthernetOZO12. 0.O.0/21issul>netted,1subnets1. .1.1.0isdirectlyconnected.FastEthernetOZO13.00.0/24issubnetted.1subnets13.1.1.0120/1vi3通过将管理冲圈值设为255从而使M上不再有20.1.0,0段的路由R4(confirouter)#distance25520.I.2,2255.255.255.0Rl(config-router)Mistance25520.1.3.2255.255.255.0M(config-router)MocleariprouteRl(config-router)CdoshowiprouteCodes:C-connected,S-staticvR-RIP,M-BobiIe,B-BGPDEIGRP.EXEIGRPexternal.0OSPF.IOSPFinterareaNlOSPFNSSexternaltype1.N2OSPFNSSexternaltype2El-OSPFexternaltypeI1E2-OSPFexternaltype2i-IS-IS1su-IS-ISs三ary»1.l-IS-ISlevel-l,1.2-ISTSIcve1-2ia-IS-ISinterarea,-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticrouteo-ODR,P->eriodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotset35.0.0.0/24issul>netted.1subnets35. 1.1.0120/2vi.1.00:00:06,FastEthernetOZO1.0.0.0/21issubnetted,1subnetsR5.5.5,0120/3vi.1»00:00:06»FaslEthorneiOZO12.0.0.0/24isSulxietted,1subnetsC12.1.1.0isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernetOZO13. 0.0.0/24issuletted,1subnetsR13.1.1.0120/1vi.1,00:00:06,FastEthernetOZO1也可通过偏移列表实现J10、R2上看到0的路由为10跳R2(config-router)OdoshowiprouteCodes:C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M-nobiIe,B-BGPD-EIGRPfcEX-EIGRPexternal.0-OSPF,IOSPFinterareaNl-OSPFNSSexternaltype1.N2OSPFXSSAexternaltype2El-OSPFexternaltype1.E2-OSPFexternaltype2i-IS-IS.su-IS-ISsu三ary,1.l-IS-ISlevel-1,1.2-IS-ISICVCI-2ia-IS-ISinterarea,-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticrouteo-ODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotset35. 0.0.0/24issulmetted,1subnetsR35.1.1.0120/2vi.1.00:00:23.FastEthernetOZO36. 0.0.02,lissubnetted,1subnetsR4.4,4,0120/1vi.4,00:00:06.FaslElhernetOZO20. 0.0.0/24issub<etlcd>3subnetsC20.1.1.0isdirectlyconnected,1.OOPbaCklC20.1.3.0isdirectlyconnected,1.oOPbaCk3C20.1.2.0isdirectlyconnected.1.(K)PbaCk237. 0.0.021issubnetted,1subnetsR5.5.5.0120/3vi.1.00:00:23.FastEthernetOXO#数认为3跳12. 0.0,0z24issublettcd>1subnets13. O.O.O21issubnetlcd>1subnetsR13.1.1.0120/1vi#运用偏移更表R2(config)Wrouterri>R2(config-router)Ooffset-1ist1in7口由于默认为3跳此处再偏移7跳即可R2(config-router)PdocleariprouteR2(config-roulcr)doshowiprouteCodes:C-connected,S-sialic,R-RIP>W-三obile,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal.0-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaNl-OSITNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSITNSSAexternaltype2EI-OSPFexternaltype1.E2-OSPFexternaltype2i-IS-IS.su-IS-ISs三nary,1.l-IS-ISlevel-1,1.2-IS-ISIeveI-2iaISISinterarea.Candidntedefault,UperuserstaticrouteoODR,P*periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotset35.0.0.0/24isSubnetted91subnets35.1.1.0120/2vi.1,00:00:04,FastEthernetOZO1.0.0.0/21issubnetted,1subnetsEastBthernetOZO4. 4.4.0120vi.4f00:00:04.3subnets20.0.0.0/24isSUbnCtted.20.1.1.0isdirectlyconnected.1.oopbackl20.1.3.0isdirectlyconnected.1.oopback320.1.2.0isdirectlyconnected.1.oopback25.0.0.0/24issubnetted,1subnets5. 5,5.0120/10vi.I,00:00:04.FastEthernetOZO变为10跳12. 0.0.0/24issuletted,1subnetsC12.1.1.0isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernetO/O13.0.0.0/21issubnetted,1subnetsR13.1.1.0120/1vi.1,00:00:00.FastEthernetOZOIkR5向RIP通话条熟认路由R5(config)RrouterripR5(config-router)»defau11-informationoriginate2利用路由协议自动下发默认路由给全盘路由器R3(config-router)#docleariprouteR3(config-router)MoshowipruteCodes:C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M-aobilelB-BGPO-ElGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal.O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaNl-OSpFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2El-OSPFexternaltype1.E2-OSPFexternaltype2iIS-IS.suIS'ISsu11mary.1.lIS-ISlevel1.1.2IS-ISlevel2iaISISinterarea,Candidatedefnult.Uperuserstaticrouteo-OCR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortis35.1.1.5tonetwork.035.0.0.0/24issul)netted,1subnetsC35.1-1.0isdirectlyconnected,Serial1/0.0/24issubnetted.1subnetsR4.4.4O120/2vi.1.00:00:53,Serial1/120.0.0.0/16issubnetted.1subnetsR20.1.0.0120/2vi.1.00:00:53,Seriall/l5.0.0.0/24isSubricltedlIsubnetsR5.5,5,0120/1via35.1.1.5.00:00:01,Sriall012.0.0.0/24isSUbnetted,1subnetsR12.1.1.0120/1vi.1,00:00:54,Serial1/113.0.0.0/24isSulxietted,1subnetsC13.1.1.0isdirectlyconnected,Serial1/1R*0.0.0.0/0120/1via35.1.1.5,00:00:01.Serial1/0#R1.R2、R3、R4上均有带R*的路由#让RIP区域生成默认路由的方法有多种，上面只举一例