MSTP vrrp实验报告-计算机网络.docx

试验报告学号1409040147姓名刘前课堂号B0900630试脸EJ期同组人谢文盛、赖晓央、涂智潇指导老师刘瑛试验一、MSTP、试验目的和要求在接入房和汇聚以交换机上配置MSTP并进行验证。二、试验规划1 .试验背景传统的生成树协议是基于整个交换网络产生一个树形拓扑结构，全部的V1.AN都共享一个生成树，这种结构不能进行网络流量的负载均衡，是的有些交换设备比较繁忙，而另一些设备又很空闲.为广克股这个问题,确定采纳基于V1.AN的多生成树协议MSTP.现在要在交换机上做适当配置来完成这一任务。S2126-1与S2I26-2上的V1.,N配置不同，现在我们希望在随意台交换机上都可以识别并传递相应V1.AN的信息“请用GVRP来解决这个问题.同时白行设计修剪方式.2 .试验设备锐捷S2126和S3550交换机，数据线若干。3.试验拓扑三、成验步骤与试购内容步一，配置接入层交换机S2126lS21261(Config)Sspanningtree!开启生成树S2126-1(config)Cspanning-treenod。mstp!配置生成树械式为MSiPS2126-l(confi)vlan10S2126I(Config)Jfvlan20S2126-Kconfig)SvIan30!创建VIanlo!创建VIan20!创建Vlan30S2126l(config)interfaccfastethcrnct0/1S21261(configif)Sswitchportaccessvlan10S2126-l(config)interfacefastethemet0/2S2126-1(config-if)switchx>rtaccessvlan20S2126-l(Config)Sinterfacefastetlwrnet0/20S21261(configif)SswitchportmodetrunkS2I26-1(config)interfacefastethemet0/10S21261(config-if)switchportmodetrunk!安排箍口F0l给VIan10!安排端口F02给Vlan20!定义F0/20为trunk端口!定义F010为IrUnk端口S2126-1(config-mst)Sinstance1vlan1,10S2126-l(config-mst)instance2vlan20,3。S21261(confist)ancregion1S21261(configmst)Srevision1!配置instanceI（实例l）并关联VlanI和10!配置实例2并关联VIan2011140!配置域名称;配置版本（修订号）S21261(config)Sspanningtreemstconfiguration!进入MSTP配fl模式验证评试：验证YSTP配汽步二，配置接入层交换机S2126-2,S2126-2(config)ffspan11ingtree!开启生成国S2126-2(config)Bspanning-treeBodemstp!采纳YSTP生成树模式!创建Wan10!创建Han20!创建Vlan30S2126-2(confix)#vlan10S2126-2(config)Svlan20S2126-2(config)Rvlan30S2126-2(Config)Sinterfacefastethemet0/1!安排端口F01给Vlan10!安排翔F02给VIan30!定义F0/20为trunk端口!定义Fo/1。为IrUnk端口S2126-2(config-if)Sswitchportaccessvlan10S2126-2(config)«interfacefastethemet0/2S2126-2(config-if)switchportaccessvlan30S2126-2(confi)<intorfacefastethemet0/20S2126-2(config-if)SswitchportmodetrunkS2126-2(config)interfacefastethemet0/10S2126-2(config-if)switchx>rtmodetrunkS2126-2(config)Sspanning-treemstconfiguration!进入MSTP配置模式S2126-2(config-mst)8instanceIvlan1,10!配置instancel(实例l>并关联Ylan1和10S2126-2(config-mst)instance2vlan20,3QI配置实例2并关联Vlan20和30S2126-2(confi-11st)ftnamcregion1!配置域名称S2126-2(co11figmst)Srevision1!配置版本(修订号)验证制试：脸证XSrP配置步三：配分布层交换机S3550-AS3550-A(config)spanning-1ree!开启生成树S3550A(config)spanningtreeBOdCmstp!采纳MSTP生成树模式S355O-A(config)Sv1an10S3550-A(config)#vIan20S3550-A(confix)#vlan30S3550(config)Sinterfacefastethernct0/1S355O-(config-if)8switchportmodetrunk!定义F0l为trunk湘lS355O-A(config)interfacefastethernet0/20S3550-A(config-if)switchportmodetrunk!定义F020为IrUnk端口S3550(co11fig)Sinterfacefastethernet0/10S355O-(config-if)8switchportmodetrunk!定义F0/10为trunk海IS3550A(config#SPanning-treeIDSIIpriority4096!配置交换机S3550-A在instanceI中的优先级为4096.缺省是32768.猿越小越优先成为该instance中的rootswitchS355O-A(confi)spanning-tree»stconfiguration!进入MSTP配词模式S3550-(confi-Bst)tfinstance1vlan1,10;配置实例1并关联YIanl和10S3550-A(Config-Bst)Sinstance2vlan20.30配置实例2并关联Vlnn20和30S355O-(Config-BSt)Unameregionl!配跣域名为regionlS3550-A(confi-ast)Urevision1!配次版本(修订号)验证Il试：验证XSTP配置步三：GVRP的H全局状态下启动GYRPSwitch#ConfiRureSiritCh(Config)=gvrpenable限制动态VUN的创建Switch«configureSwitch(confi)RVrPdymanic-v1ancreationenable配置级C的登记模式Switch*configureSBiICh(COnriR)Uinterfacefastethorcnel0/1Siritch(configif)SgvrpregistrationmodeInormaldisable(能置湍门的速告模式Switch#configureSBiICh(ConriK)Uinterfacefastethernct0/1Switch(config-if)#gvrpapplicantstateinoi-aalnoapplicant!配St计时器SwitchaconfieureterminalSwitch(confi)vrptimerjoinIcavelIcavcall)limvalue配置有效粒度IOms默认忍置Jointimer200ms1.eavetimer60（>ns1.eaveal1timer100ttns查看GVRP的配置值恩Switchashougvrpconfiguration克看GVRP的运行状态SwitchSshowgvrpstatus查看CVRP的端11靛计信息Switchashou-gvrpstatisticsinterface-idall）ASW3口进行了VSN修剪.只支持V1.AN5、V1.AN6,SW2默认支持所有V1.AN四、结果险证验证窝试：验证XSTP配置S2126-IUshowspanning-treeBStconfiguration!显示MSTP全局配置SwiichNshowspanning-treestconfigurationNultiscanningtreeprotocol:1.nabledNd«e:regionlRevision:1InstanceVlansHopped02-9.11-19.21-29.31-40941 1.102 20.30修证费试：验证YSTP配汽S2126-2#ShoWspanning-treeBSlCOnriXUraIiUnjltch¾hoT“MgwmStreeICQOCoI*三*FlZ<v<*1JEtMCVlGtmr7i”314WIJK.”验证费试：验证MSTP配置S3550-AUshowspanning-treemstconfigurationSwitchlshowspanning-treestconfigurationMultiSpatinirvgtreeprotocol:FnabledNaRe:regionlRevision:1InstanceVlansMappedO2-9.11-19.2129.31-40941l.l?20.30验证交换机配置：S3550ASshowspanningtreenst1!示交换机S3550A上实例1的特性SwitchHshowspanning-treest1MSI1vlansnapped:1.10BridgeAddr:0d0.f8b8.4220Prioritv:4096TieSinceTopo1OgyGwnge:0d:3h:17e:9sIopologvChanges:OOesigndtedRoot:1O910D8B8422ORootCost:ORootPort:0S2126-IUshowspanning-treemst1!显示交换机S2126T上实例1的特性SwitchHshowspanning-treest1MHMNHHMST1vlansnapped:1.10BridgeAddr:00dO.f8c0.O893Priority:32768IineSinceIopoIowChange:3d:3h:18N：50sTopologyChanges:0DesigndtedRoot:80010OD8CO847RootCost:20OOORootPort:Fa02S2126T#ShOWspannin-ireemst2!显示交换机S2126T上实例2的特性SwitchWsbowspanning-treenst2MttttMHNMSI2vlansnapped:20.30BridgeMdr:d.f8c.893Priorit:32768TiNcSinceTopoIogyCtiange:0d:3h:19n:33sIopoIOgvCbanges:ODesignatedRoot:80O2ODOF8C0O847RootCost:200OORootPort:Fa2五、回答何题I、MSTP是为了解决什么问题提出的？答：应用于在网络中建立树形拓扑，消退网络中的环路，并且可以通过由定的方法实现路径冗余，但不是肯定可以实现路径冗余2, GVRP的主要作用是什么？答：GVRP交换机之间能够相互交换V1.AN配置信息，裁剪不必要的广播和未知单播流员以及在通过802.IQ干线连接的交换机上动态创建和管理V1.ANa试验二、VRRP一、试验目的和要求实现VRRP负我均衡二、试验规划1 .试验背景VRRP虚拟路由冗余协议是用于实现路由器冗余的协议，最新协议在RFC3768中定义.在该协议中，对共享多存:取访问介质（如以太网）上终端IP设备的默认网关进行冗余备份，从而在其中一台路由设备宕机时，备份路由设备刚好接管转发工作，向用户供应透亮的切换，提高了网络服务侦量。2 .试验设备路由器台:R2624三层交换机两台：S355O-KS355O-2二层交换机一台：3、试验拓扑VRRP负载均衡S35-1:MasterForVRID=IS35-2:BackupForVRID=1BackupForVRIDM2VRlO:1MasterForVRID=2VirtualAddreSS1192.168.10.24IJVRID:2VirtualAddress:192.168.20.254V1.AN10:191168.10.1V1.ANIO:192.168.10.2V1.AN20:192.178.20.1V1.AN20:192.168.20.21.IP:192.168.10.31P1192.168.20.3GateWay:192.168.10.254GateWay:192.168.20.2544、IP地址规划设备名接口IP地址子网拖码S355O-IV1.ANIOV1.AN20S3550-2V1.ANIOV1.AN20R2624F0l192.168.1.2F02192.168.1.61.oopback1.1FOFlS2I26SOIQoPbaCk2.2三、试验内容S3550-1的配置:interfacevlanK)noshutdowninterfacevlan20fromoutband2016-12-1618:19:12XVlan10notexist05-CONFIG:Configured-commandrejectedSWitCh(COnfig)HVIan102016-12-1618:19:24e5-C0NFIG:ConfiguredfromoutbandSwitch(config-vlan)MinterfaveVIan10Switch(Config-Vlan)Hexit%Invalidinputdetectedatimarker.fromoutband2016-12-1618:19:355CONFIGConfigured5-CONFIG:Configuredfromoutbandadd192.168.10.1255.255.255.05-C0NFIG:ConfiguredfromoutbandshutdownASwitch(Config)Hinterfacevlan102016-12-1618:19:49Switch(config-if)Hip2016-12-1618:20:23Switch(config-if)Hno%Invalidinputdetectedat''marker.Switch(config-if)Mnoshutdown2016-12-1618:20:35e5-C0NFIG:ConfiguredfromoutbandSwitch(config-i11Mexit2016-12-1618:20:465-C0NFIG:ConfiguredfromoutbandSwitch(config)Nvlan202016-12-1618:20:5605-CONFIG:ConfiguredfromoutbandSWitCh(Config-Vlan)I!interfacevlan20%Invalidinputdetectedatimarker.Switch(config-vlan)e×it2016-12-1618:21:105-C0NFIG:ConfiguredfromoutbandSwitch(config)Hinterfacevlan202016-12-1618:21:155-C0NFIG:ConfiguredfromoutbandSwitch(Config-if)Wipadd192.168.20.1%IncompleteCoInmand.Switch(config-if)Hipadd192.168.20.1255.255.255.02016-12-1618:21:465-C0NFIG:ConfiguredfromoutbandSwitch(config-if)linoshutdown2016-12-1618:21:535-C0NFIG:ConfiguredfromoutbandSwitch(config-if)H_routerripversion2noau(o*summarynetwork192.16X.20.0interfacevlanIOstandby1priority120interfacevlan2()Switch(config)Mrouterrip201612-1618:24:46K-CONFIG:ConfiguredfromSwitch(config-routerJMuersion22016121618:24:5005CONFIGrConfiguredfrooutbdndoutbdndSwitch(confi-router)Nnetwork192.168.1.254216121618:25:0265CONFIGConfiguredfronSwitch(config-router)Nnetwork192.168.10.0outband2016-12-1618:25:1605-CONFIG:Configuredfro,SWitCh(config-router)Hnetwork192.168.20.0outband216-12-1618:25:215-C0NFIG:ConfiguredfronSwitch(config-router)Hexitoutband2016-12-1618:25:2765CONFIGConfiguredfronSwitch(config)Hinterfacevlan10OUtband2016-12-1618:25:36K-CONFIG:Configuredfro»Switch(config-if)Hstdndbv1ip192.168.10.254outband2016-12-1618:25:54e5-C0NFIG:ConfiguredfronSwitch(config-if)Hstandbv1priority120outband2016-12-1618:26:15e5-C0NFIG!ConfiguredfroSwitch(config-ifJHinterfecevlan20outband2016-12-1618:26:16e5-C0NFTG!Configuredfro.SeitcMconfigiDHstdndbv2ip192.168.20.254outband2016-12-1618:26:16P5-CONFTGzConfiguredfromSwitch(config-if)HoutbandS35502的配置:noshutdowninterfacevlanIOnoshutdowninterfacevlan20>shutdownroierripversion2noauto-summarynetwork192.168.20.0interfacevlan10interfacevlan20standby2priority120S2126的配置：showrunvlan1vlan10van20spanning-treespanning-treemstconfigurationInstance0vlan119,21-4094instance1vlan20interfaceFastEthernet0/1switchportaccessvlan10IinterfaceFastEthernet0/10switchportaccessvlan20interfaceFastEthernet0/22IinterfaceFastEthernet0/23switchportmodetrunk!interfaceFastEthernet0/24switchportmodetrunkR2624的配置：showrunIntfaO/ONoshutdownIpadd192.168.1.2IntfalNoshutdownpadd192.168.1.6Intloopback0IpaddIproute192.168.10.0255.255.255.0192.168.1.520Iproute192.168.20.0255.255.25S.0192.168.1.120四、试验结果PCl和PC2相互ping,都应当可以Ping通：2Docunent三andSett1n9sMdnini三trator>ping192.168.2U.25432bytesofdata：Pinging192.168.20.2S4UithReplyfromRePIyFromReplyfromBeplyfrom192.168.1.2:192.168.1.2：192.168.1.2:192.168.1.2：TT1.expiredTT1.expiredTT1.expiredTT1.expiredintransit.intransit,intransit.intransit.)ingstatIsticsfor192.168.20.254：Packets：Sent-4,Received-4.1.ost-0<0lossIpproxinateroundtriptimesinmilli-seco11ds：Mininure-BnsHAXinUm-0rs4.Average-0rezDocuncntsAndSettingsAdni11ist在.PCl和PC2上的CnKl窗口中分别执行吩咐：routePrinI,含荷一下它们各自的网关是谁!在相关设备上分别：ShowvrrpbriefShowvrrpinterface计划程序微型端口MetIueRoutes：tworkDestxnat10r.e.0.0>Netnask0.0.0.0Gateway192.168.20.254Interface192.168.2.3Metric20B.0.0.00.0.0.192.168.50.46192.168.S0.382R127.0.0.0255.0.0.0127.0.0.1127.0.l1192.168.20.255.255.255.0192.168.20.3192.168.20.320192.166.20.3255.2S5.25S.255127.0.0.1127.0.e.l2H192.168.20.255255.255.255.255192.168.20.3192.168.20.320192.168.5.322S5.255.255.240192.168.50.38192.168.SB.382。192.168.50.38255.255.255.255127.0.0.1127.0.i20192.168.50.255255.255.255.255192.168.50.38192.168.Se.3820224.e.o.e24a.0.e.192.168.28.3192.168.20.320224.0.0.0240.0.0.0192.168.50.38192.168.50.3820255.255.255.255255.255.25S.255192.168.20.3192.168.2R.31255.255.255.255255.255.255.255192.168.50.38192.168.50.381faultGateway：192.168.50.46PersistentRoutes：NoneK:Docunc11tsandSctting3×dministrator>I二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二IActiveRoutes：MetuorkDestinationNetmaskGatewayInterfaceMetric0.0.0.00.0.0.0192.168.10.254192.168.10.320.e.e.00.0.0192.16H.SW.46192.168.5H.3820127.0.0.0255.0.0.0127.0.0.1127.0.0.11192.168.10.0255.255.255.0192.168.10.3192.168.10.320192.168.10.3255.255.255.255127.0.0.1127.0.0.120192.168.10.2552S5.2SS.255.2SS192.168.10.3192.168.1W.320192.168.Se.32255.25S.255.240192.168.S0.38192.168.50.3820192.168.50.38255.255.255.255127.0.0.1127.0.0.120192.168.50.255255.255.255.255192.168.50.38192.168.50.3820224.0.0.0240.0.0.0192.168.10.3192.168.10.32。224.0.0.024.e.O.0192.168.50.38192.168.5.3820255.255.255.255255.255.255.255192.168.10.3192.168.10.31255.255.255.255255.255.255.255192.168.50.38192.168.50.381DefaultGatcvy:192.168.50.46PersistentRoutes：Non©R2624配置:»InMlti»-u1)”>1a1Ct4MH”tr<"，：”"ISc一t4U*ic<ltR*1b>l4IWMl4«1(3八4tartMfR»4<t4*4kwftlwtarfc，tlMt<IVMl4»WIt-2<<4Mlcvd>lvttr<M,cMQj«Q叱11m4vpu<-1,w2五、回答问题:什么状况下运用VRRP?什么是VRRP的负数均衡？答：虚拟路由冗余协议(VimlalRouterRCdundanCyProtOCOl,筒称VRRP)是由IETF提出的解决局域网中配置静态网关出现单点失效现象的路由协议，1998年已推出正式的RFC2338协议标准.VRRP广泛应用在边缘网络中，它的设计目标是支持特定状况下IP数据流量失败转移不会引起混乱，允许主机运用单路由器，以及刚好在实际第一跳路由器运用失败的情形下仍能够维护路由器间的连通性。VRRP路由技术将局域网的一组路由器，RouterA和RouterB组织成一个虚拟的路由涔。这个虚拟的路由涔拥有自己的IP地址，称为路由器的虚拟IP地址。同时，物理路由冷RouterA.RouterB也有自己的IP地址（如RouterA的IP地址为.RouterB的IP地址为）。局域网内的主机仅仅知道这个虚拟路由器的IP地址，而并不知道备份组内详细路由器的IP地址。在配置时，将局域网主机的默认网关设置为该虚拟路由器的IP地址。于是，网络内的主机就通过这个虚拟的路由器来与其它网络进行通信，实际的数据处理由备份组内MaStCr路由器执行。假如备份组内的MaMCr路由器出现故障时，备份组内的其它BaCkUP路由器将会接替成为新的MaSter,接着向网络内的主机供应路由服务。从而实现网络内的主机不间断地与外部网络进行通信。VRRP路由技术通过多台路由器实现冗余，任何时候只有一台路由器为主路由器，其他的为备份路由器。路由涔间的切换对用户是完全透亮的，用户不必关切详细过程，只要把缺省路由器设为虚拟路由器的IP地址即可。试验三、网络出口规划与设计一、试验目的和要求配巴NATM于策略路由进行路由选择。二、试验规划I.试验背景NAT技术的提出是为了解决目前IPv4地址慨乏的问题。在NAT术语中，将网络分为内部和外部。内部通常是企业内部网络，外部通常是指公有网络，典型的就是Internet.MAT转换包括多种类型，它们之间的操作方式存在一些差别。策略路由是种对数据进行操纵的工具，它可以使我们依据自己的意愿或者网络中的不同需求对数据的传输路径进行操作。通过运用route-map,我们可以依据报文的源地址、目的地址、协议类型、报文长度等元素对报文进行匹配，然后设置相应的策略.2.试验设备S355O,路由器，两个交换机。3、试验拓扑/10totoSOto4、IP地址规划设备名接口IP地址R4FO192.168.1.2/24SO200.20.2.1/24S1200.20.1.1/24R2SO200.20.1.2/24FO202.114.10.1/24R3S1200.20.2.2/24FO202.114.30.1/24S37-2F0/10192.168.1.1/24VIanW192.168.10.10/24Vlan20192.168.20.20/24三、试验内容R2配置：ShrunhostnameR2interfaceserial2/0clockrate64000interfaceserial3/0clockrate64000interfaceFaslEthernel0/0duplexautospeedautointerfaceFastEthernetduplexautospeedautonecon0lineaux0linevty04loginend0/1R3的配置:shrunhostnameR3interfaceserial2/0clockrate6-1000interfaceserial3/0interfaceFaslEthernel0/0duplexautospeedautointerfaceFastEthernetduplexautospeedautolinecon0lineaux0linevty04loginend0/1R4的配置：shrunhostnameR4route-mapIiuqipermitmatchipaddress1010route-map1iuqipermit20natchipaddress20route-mapIiuqipermit30setinterfaceNull0ipaccess-liststandard1010permit192.168.10.00.0.0.255ipaccess-liststandard2010permit192.168.20.00.0.0.255interfaceserial0ipnatoutsideinterfaceserial1ipnatoutsideclockrate64000interfaceFastEthernet0ipPOliCyroute-mapIiUqiipnatinsideduplexautospeedautoipnatinsidesource1ist10poolIqloverloadipnatinsidesourcelist20poollq2overloadrouterripversion2iproute0.0.0.00.0.0.0serial0iproute0.0.0.00.0.0.0serial1linecon0lineaux0linevty04loginendS37-2的配置:shrunhostnameS37-2vIan1vIan10VIan20interfaceFastEthernet0/1Swilchportaccessvlan10interfaceFastEthernet0/2switchportaccessvlan10interfaceFaslEthernel0/3swiIchportaccessvlan10interfaceFastEthernet0/4switchportaccessvlan10interfaceFastEthernet0/5interfaceFastEthernet0/6switchportaccessvlan20switchportaccessvlan