ASTM D2105-01-2019 玻璃纤维增强热固性树脂管纵向拉伸性能的标准试验方法.docx

ThisinternationalstandardwasdevelopedinaccordancewithinternationallyrecognizedprinciplesonstandardizationestablishedintheDecisiononPrinciplesfortheDevelopmentOflntemationalStandaixisGuidcsavlRCCommendatkH)SissuedbytheWorldTradCOrganizationTedInicalBarrierstoTradC(TBT)Committce.IMTtIWATtWtA1.Designation:D2105-01(Reapproved2019)StandardTestMethodfor1.ongitudinalTensilePropertiesofnFiberglassn(Glass-Fiber-ReinforcedThermosetting-Resin)PipeandTube*ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD2lO5;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor.inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(e)iiicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.*ASummaryofChangessectionappearsattheendofthisstandard1 .Scope1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofthecomparativelongitudinaltensilepropertiesoffiberglasspipewhentestedunderdefinedconditionsofpretreatment,temperature,andtestingmachinespeed.Bothglass-fiber-reinfbrcedthermosetting-resinpipe(RTRP)andglass-fiber-reinforcedpolymermortarpipe(RPMP)areberglasspipes.NorE1ForthepurposesofthisSlandard,polymerdoesnotincludenaturalpolymer.1.2 Thistestmethodisgenerallylimitedtopipediameterof6in.(150mm)orsmaller.1.argersizesmaybetestedifrequiredapparatusisavailable.1.3 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegardedastheStandard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesesareprovidedforinformationpurposesonly.1.4 Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcernsjfany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafety,health,andenvironmentalpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.NorE2ThereisnoknownISOequivalenttothisstandard.1.5 ThisinternationalstandardwasdevelopedinaccordancewithinternationallyrecognizedprinciplesonstandardizationestablishedintheDecisiononPrinciplesfortheDevelopmentofInternationa!Standards,GuidesandRecommendationsissuedbytheWorldTradeOrganizationTechnicalBarrierstoTrade(TBT)Committee.!.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:!C33SpecificationforConcreteAggregates"ThistestmethodisunderIhcjurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlasticsandislhcdirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee1)20.23onReinforcedPkisticPipingSystemsandChemicalEquipment.CurrenteditionapprovedNov.15,2019.PublishedDecember2019.Originallyapprovedin1962.1.astpreviouseditionapprovedin2014asD2105-01(2014).1)01:10.1520D2105-01R19.2ForreferencedASTMstandards.visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCUSIOmerServiceatserviceastm,org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandardsVOlunlehformation,referodiestandard'sDocutneittSummarygeontheASTMwebsite.D618PracticeforConditioningPlasticsforTestingD638TestMethodforTensilePropertiesofPlasticsD638MTestMethodforTensilePropertiesOfPlastics(Metric)(Withdrawn1996)3BI&OOmm1gyr¾fhrevialermsRelatingtoPlasticsD3567PracticeforDeterminingDimensionsof"Fiberglass”(Glass-Fiber-ReinfbrcedThermosettingResin)PieandFittingsE4PracticesforForceVerificationofTestingMachinesE83PracticeibrVerificationandClassificationofExtensometerSystemsF412TerminologyRelatingtoPlasticPipingSystems3.Terminology3.1 GeneralDefinitionsareinaccordancewithTerminologyD883andl'412andabbreviationsareinaccordancewithTerminologyD1600,unlessotherwiseindicated.3.2 OtherdenitionsoftermsandsymbolsrelatingtotensiontestingofplasticsappearintheAnnextoTestMethodsD638andD638M.3.3 DefinitionsofTermsSpecifictoThisStandard:3.3.1 aggregateasiliceoussandconformingtotherequirementsofSpecificationC33,exceptthattherequirementsforgradationshallnotapply.3.3.2 exteriorsurfaceresinlayeraresinlayer,withorwithoutfillerorreinforcement,orboth,appliedtotheexteriorsurfaceofthepipestructuralwall.3.3.3 fiberglasspipeatubularproductcontainingglassfiberreinforcementembeddedinorsurroundedbycuredthermosettingresin;Ihecompositestructuremaycontainaggregate,granularorplateletfillers,thixotropicagents,pigments,ordyes;IhermOPIaSIiCorIhermosellinglinersmaybeincluded.3.3.4 linertheinnerportionofthewallatleast0.005in.(0.13mm)inthickness,asdeterminedin9.1.2,whichdoesnotcontributelothestrengthinthedeterminationofthehydrostaticdesignbasis.3.3.5 ThelastapprovedversionofthishistoricalstandardisreferencedonWWWastm0NCopjTigIitbyASTMIntl(allrightsreserved);WedJan103:33:59EST20202Downloaded/PrinIedbyUniVerSieyofEdinbu(UniVerSityofEidinburgh)pureuantio1.icenseAgreementNofurtherreproductionsauthorized.3.3.6 reinforcedpolymermortarpipe(RPMP)-afiberglasspipewithaggregate.3.3.7 reinforcedIhennosetlingresinpipe(RTRP)afiber-glasspipewithoutaggregate.3.3.8 reinforcedwallthicknessthetotalwallthicknessminusthelinerorexteriorcoatingthickness,orboth.4.SignificanceandUse4.1 Tensilepropertiesincludemodulusofelasticity,yieldstress,elongationbeyondyieldpoint,tensilestrength,elongationatbreak,andenergyabsorption.Materialspossessingaloworderofductilitymaynotexhibitayieldpoint.Stress-straindataatseverallevelsoftemperature,humidity,time,orothervariablesmaybeneededtofurnishreasonablyaccurateindicationsofthebehaviorofthematerial.4.2 Tensiontestsmayprovidedataforresearchanddevelopment,engineeringdesign,qualitycontrol,acceptanceorrejectionunderspecifications,andforspecialpurposes(Note3).Thetestscannotbeconsideredsignificantforapplicationsdifferingwidelyfromtheload-timescaleofthestandardtest(Note4).Suchapplicationsrequiremoresuitabletests,suchasimpact,creep,andfatigue.NorE3-Itisrealizedthatthemethodofpreparationofamaterialisoneofthemanyvariablesthataffecttheresultsobtainedintestingamaterial.Hence,whencomparativetestsofmaterialspersearedesirl,thegreatestcaremustbeexercisedtoensurethatallsamplesarepreparedinexactlythesameway;similarly,ft)rrefereeorcomparativetestsofanygivenseriesofspecimens,caremustbetakentosecurethemaximumdegreeofuniformityindetailsofpreparation,treatment,andhandling.NoriE4-ReinforcementsofplasticswithglassfiberofferwideopportunitiesfordesigningandproducingPrOdUCtSwithmarkedlydifferentresponsestoloadingevenwhenthebasicgeometryoftheproductissimilar.Forexample,atubularproductmaybedesignedtogivemaximumresistancetotorsionloading,butsuchaproductmightdevelopatwistorbowiftestedintensionorunderinternalpressureloading.InIhecaseofpipeforgeneralfielduse,internalpressure,aswellasloadsintension,compression,torsion,andflexuremustberesistedtosomedegree.Differentpipeproducershavechosen,bydesign,toofferPrOduCtShavingdifferentbalancesofresistancetosuchstressingconditions.Asaresult.itisimportantthatthepurchaserandthesellerbothhaveaclearunderstandingandagreementon(hesignificanceofthistestmethodrelativetotheintendeduse.5.Apparatus1.1 TestingMachineAtestingmachineoftheconstant-rate-of-crosshead-movementtype(Note5)andcomprisingessentiallythefollowing:NorE5Itisregnizedthattheconstantrate-ocrosshead-movementtypeoftestleavesmuchtobedesiredfromatheoreticalstandpoint.thatwidedifferencesnayexistbetweengagemarksonthespecimen,adthatthetestingspeedsspecifieddisguiseimportanteffectscharacteristicofmaterialsintheplasticstate.Further.itisrealizedthatvariationsinthethicknessesoftestspecimens,whicharepemittedbytheseprocedures,producevariationsinthesurface-volumeratiosofsuchspecimens,andthatthesevariationsmayinfluencethetestresults.Hence,wheredirectlycomparableresultsaredesired.allsamplesshouldbeofequalthicknessandoutsidediameter.Appropriatemodificationsofthetestprocedureshouldbeusedwhenmoreprecisephysicaldataareneeded.1.1.1 FixedMember-Afixedoressentiallystationarymembercarryingonegrip.1.1.2 MovableMember-Amovablemembercarryingasecondgrip.1.1.3 Grips-Gripsforholdingthetestspecimenbetweenthefixedmemberandthemovablemember.Thegripsshallbeself-aligning;thatis,theyshallbeattachedtothefixedandmovablemember,respectively,insuchamannerthattheywillmovefreelyintoalignmentassoonasanyloadisapplied.Withthisarrangement,thelongaxisofthelestspecimenwillcoincidewiththedirectionoftheappliedpullthrough(hecenterlineofthegripassembly.Thetestspecimenshallbeheldinsuchawaythatslippagerelativetothegripsispreventedinsofaraspossible.Thegripsshallbedesignedsothatnocrushingloadshallbeappliedtothepipeends.AsuggestedsetofgripsandmandrelsisshowninFig.1andIig.2.1.1.4 DriveMechanism-Adrivemechanismforimpartingtothemovablememberauniform,controlledvelocitywithrespecttothestationarymember,thisvelocitytoberegulatedasspecifiedin9.3.1.1.5 1.oadIndicator-Asuitableload-indicatingmechanismcapableofshowingthetotaltensileloadcarriedbythetestspecimenwhenheldbythegrips.Thismechanismshallbeessentiallyfreefrominertialagatthespecifiedrateoftestingandshallindicatetheloadwithanaccuracyof±l%oftheindicatedvalue,orbetter.TheaccuracyofthetestingmachineshallbeverifiedinaccordancewithPracticeE4.NoTE6_ExperiencehasShOwnthatmanytestingmachinesnowinuseareincapableofmaintainingaccuracyforaslongastheperiodsbetweeninspectionrecommendedinPracticeE4.Hence,itisrecommendedthateachmachinebestudiedindividuallyandverifiedasoftenasnecessarj,.Itwillfrequentlybenecessarytoperformthisfunctiondaily.1.1.6 Thefixedmember,movablemember,drivemechanism,andgripsshallbeconstructedofsuchmaterialsandinsuchproportionsthatthetotalelasticlongitudinalstrainofthesystemconstitutedbythesepartsdoesnotexceed1%ofthetotallongitudinalstrainbetweenthetwogagemarkson(hetestspecimenatanytimeduringthetestandatanyloaduptotheratedcapacityofthemachine.1.2 ExtensionIndicator-Asuitableinstrumentfordeterminingthedistancebetweentwofixedpointslocatedwithinthegagelengthofthetestspecimenatanytimeduringthetest.Itisdesirable,butnotessential,thatthisinstrumentautomaticallyrecordthisdistance(oranychangeinit)asafunctionoftheloadonthetestspecimenoroftheelapsedtimefromthestartofthetest,orboth.Ifonlythelatterisobtained,load-timedatamustalsobetaken.Thisinstrumentshallbefreeofinertialagatthespecifiedspeedoftestingandshallbeaccurate(o±1%ofstrainorbetter.NorE7-ReferenceismadetoPracticeE83.1.3 Micrometers-Suitablemicrometers,readingtoatleast0.001in.(0.025mm),formeasuringthediameterandthicknessofthetestspecimens.6 .TestSpecimen6.1 Thetestspecimensshallbesectionsoffiberglasspipeortubingwithaminimumlengthof18in.(45.7cm)betweengrips.6.2 Allsurfacesofeachspecimenshallbefreefromvisibleflaws,scratches,orimperfections.SegmentedgripsS1.EEVEREINFORCINGBANDMANDRE1.TESTSPECIMENFIG.1SuggestedHoldingDeviceforTensionTestSpecimen6.3 Theminimumgagelengthshallbe2.0in.(5.lcm)formechanicalextensionmeasuringdevices.Agagelengthoflessthan2.0in.(5.1cm)isacceptableforelectricalextensionmeasuringdevices,suchasstraingages.6.4 Gagemarksmaybeplacedonthespecimenusingink,crayon,scratches,punches,etc.,providedtheydonotdamagethereinforcement6.5 Pipewithhightensilepropertiesmayrequireadditionalreinforcementatthegripareastopreventpipefailurefromthecrushloadofthegrips.6.6 Fordeterminationofjointstrength,specimensshallincludeajointcenteredbetweenthegrips.7 .NuiiiberofTestSpecimens7.1 Atleastfivespecimensshallbetestedforeachsample.7.2 Resultsfromtestedspecimensthatbreakatsomeobviousflaworwithinonepipediameterofthegripsmaybediscarded.8 .Conditioning8.1 Conditioning-Conditionthetestspecimensat73±4oF(22.7±2.2°C)and5()±5%relativehumidityfornotlessthan40hpriortotestinaccordancewithProcedureAofMethodsD618,forthosetestswhereconditioningisrequired.Incasesofdisagreement,thetolerancesshallbe±2oF(±I.C)and±2%relativehumidity.8.2 TestConditionsConducttestsintheStandard1.aboratoryAtmosphereof73±4oF(22.7±2.2C)and50±5%relativehumidity,unlessotherwisespecifiedinthetestmethodsorinthisSpecificationJncasesofdisagreements,thetolerancesshallbe±2oF(1.C)and±2%relativehumidity.9 .Proccdure9.1 DimensionsandTolerances:9 .1.1WallThicknessandDiameter-DetennineinaccordancewithPracticeD3567.GRIPSUPPER1.OWERS1.EEVEREINFORCINGBANDSPipeSizeABCDEFGIlJ2117/3217%2361342362Ve8°1V42V%22115/1623627623/1623Y42a10*1V42V4129a2215/1631223/1623127%ot232Va2313/1641223/1623127a10"23/4PipeSizeK1.MN0PQRS2119a23V16253/64225642V62763763V4227a22%2Va3V23216425764256338懦33431/az21631236161339&13V44%331az2V6312461/644336441453043Ia2NorE1-Othersizesofpipemaybetestedusingthistestmeth(ibyvarj,ingthedimensionsoftheholdingfixturegiveninRg.2tofitthespecimenandtestingmachine.FIG.2SuggestedHoldingDevice,Details10 1.21.inerThicknessIfthetestspecimenscontainaliner,determinetheaveragelinerthicknessinaccordancewithPracticeD3567.9.2 Placethespecimeninthegripsofthetestingmachine,takingcaretoalignthelongaxisofthespecimenandthegripswithanimaginarylinejoiningthepointsofattachmentofthegripstothemachine.Tightenthegripsevenlyandfirmlytothedegreenecessarytopreventslippageofthespecimenduringthetestbutnottothepointwherethespecimenwouldbecrushed.9.3 Speedoftestingisthevelocityofseparationofthecrossheads(orgrips)ofthetestingmachinewhenoperatingundernoload.Thespeedoftestingshallbeeither:9.3.10.20to0.25in./min(0.508to0.635cmmin)or9.3.20.40to0.50in./min(1.02to1.27cmmin).9.4Attachtheextensionindicator.Setthespeedoftesting,andstartthemachine.Specimensshallbecarriedtofailure.Recordloadsandcorrespondingdeformationsatappropriateevenintervalsofstrain.Recordtheloadcarriedbythespecimenwhenthestrainreaches0.02andtheelapsedtimeD2105-01(2019)fromthestartofthetestuntilthispointisreached.Ifruptureoccursbeforethestrainreaches0.02,recordtheelapsedtimefromthestartofthetestuntilthespecimenbreaks.10.Calculation10.1 TensileStrengthCalculatethetensilestrengthbydividingthemaximum(orbreaking)loadbytheoriginalminimumreinforcedcross-sectionalareaofthespecimen.Reporttheresulttothreesignificantfigures.10.2 PercentageElongationCalculatethepercentageelongationbydividingtheextensionatthemomentofruptureofthespecimenbytheoriginaldistancebehveengagemarksandmultiplyingby100.Reportthepercentageelongationtotwosignificantfigures.10.3 MeanRateofStressingCalculatethemeanrateofstressingbydividingthetensileloadcarriedbythespecimenwhenthestrainreaches0.02oratthemomentofrupture,whicheveroccursfirst,bytheoriginalminimumreinforcedcross-sectionalareaofthespecimen,andthendividingthisresultbythetimeinseconds,measuredfromthebeginningofthetest,requiredtoattainthistensileloadandstrain.Reporttheresulttothreesignicantfigures.Nore8Itisrealizedthat“meanrateofstressing,asdefinedinthistestmethodhasonlylimitedphysicalsignificance.ildoes,however,roughlydescribetheaveragerateatwhichmostofthestresscarriedbythetestspecimenisappliedandforthatportionofthestress-straincurveinwhichprincipalstressingoccurs.ltisaffectedbytheelasticityofthematerialsbeingtestedbutisfairlyaccuratelydeterminedbythemethoddescribed.ltcan,ifdesircd,bedeterminedmorepreciselybycalculationfromload-timedata,recordedespeciallyforthepurposeduringatest.10.4 MeanRateofStrainingCalculatethemeanrateofstrainingfromastrain-timecurve,plottedforthepur