美国名人 作曲家 钢琴家 艾灵顿公爵 2.docx

美国名人作曲家钢琴家艾灵顿公爵2DukeEllington:His1.ifeStory,PartTwoplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-16:31repeatByPaulThompson2010-8-21Photo:americaslibrary.orgDukeEllingtonplayedpiano,buthisrealinstrumentwastheorchestraRICHARDRAE1.:I'mRichardRael.RAYFREEMAN:AndmRayFreemanwiththeVOASpecialEnglishprogramPEOP1.EINAMERICA.EveryweekwetellaboutapersonwhowasimportantinthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.Today,wefinishourreportaboutthegreatjazzmusicianDukeEllington.(MUSIC)RICHARDRAE1.:Thatsongis"Takethe,A,Train."Itislikeamusicalsignthatsays,"YouarelisteningtoDukeEllingtonandhisorchestra."MusicfansaroundtheworldknowthesongislinkedcloselytoDukeEllington.Yettheymaynotknowthathedidnotwriteit."Takethe,A,Train"waswrittenbyaclosefriendandorchestramember;BillyStrayhorn.BillyandDukehadaverycloseworkingrelationshipforalmostthirtyyears.Sometimes,itwasdifficulttotellwhichmanhadwrittenanewsongfortheorchestra.Membersofthegroupoftenarguedaboutwhohadwrittenit.DukeorBillyStrayhorn."Takethe,A,Train,"writtenbyBillyStrayhornzwasDukeEllington'smostfamoussongRAYFREEMAN:DukeEllingtonalwayswrotemusic.Musicexpertssayhemayhavewrittenasmanyastwothousanddifferentsongs.Hewrotemusicwhereverhewent.Hewrotelateatnight.Hewroteonthetrainorbusorairplanewhentheorchestratraveled.Friendssayhewrotemusicevenineatingplaceswhilehewaitedforhisfood.1.istentothisEllingtonsong,playedbyRussellProcope.ProcopeplayedtheclarinetintheEllingtonorchestraformanyyears.Inthissong,Procopewasabletoplayhispartadifferentwayeachtime.Ellingtonletindividualplayerscreatetheirownparts.ThismeansitisalmostimpossibletodaytoreproducethesoundofDukeEllington'sorchestra.Thesongiscalled,"Four-ThirtyBlues."(MUSIC)RICHARDRAE1.:DukeEllingtontriedmanynewanddifferentwaystoplaymusic.Forexample,heputdifferentinstrumentstogetheringroupsthatnoonehadtriedbefore.Healsowasthefirstsongwritertouseahumanvoiceasaninstrument.Hewrotemusicforasingerbutnowords.Thesongiscalled"Creole1.oveCall."ThesingerhereisAdelaideHall.(MUSIC)RAYFREEMAN:DukeEllingtonwasoneofthemostpopularmusiciansinthetwentiethcentury.Yet,musicexpertsandcriticssayhewasmuchmoreimportantasasongwriterandorchestraleaderthanasapianoplayer.BillyStrayhornoncesaid,"Dukeplayspiano.Buthisrealinstrumentistheorchestra."TheorchestrawasDukeEllington'sfirstlove.InIateryears,whenlargeorchestraswerenotpopular,Dukeoftenpaidhismusicianswithhisownmoneytokeepthegrouptogether.Tohim,theorchestrawaseverything.RICHARDRAE1.:DukeEllingtonalwayswaslookingforwaystomakehisorchestrasoundbetter.1.ikemanysongwriters,heoftentookoldsongs,changedthem,andmadethemnewagain.1.astweek,weplayedasongcalled"ConcertoforCootie."Inlateryears,asingernamedAlHibblerjoinedtheEllingtonorchestra.Dukeaddedwordstothesong.Thenhechangeditsnameto"DoNothingzTiIIYouHearFromMe."Bothsongsweremajorhitsfortheorchestra.1.istenasAlHibblersings,"DoNothingzTiIIYouHearFromMe."(MUSIC)RAYFREEMAN:DukeEllingtonandhisorchestraplayedaroundtheworldbeforemillionsofpeople.MorethaneighthundredmusiciansplayedwiththeEllingtonorchestraatonetimeoranother.AfterdoctorstoldDukethathehadlungcancer,hecontinuedtoperform.OneofhislastconcertswasatWestminsterAbbeyin1.ondon.Hisorchestraperformedreligiousmusic.DukeEllingtonwashonoredbypeoplearoundtheworld.FormerpresidentRichardNixongivehimthepresidentialmedaloffreedomAmerica'shighestcivilianhonor.1.eadersfromaroundtheworldwrotehimletterstothankhimforhismusic.DukeEllingtondiedonMaytwenty-fourth,nineteenseventy-four.RICHARDRAE1.:IfyoureallywanttoknowtherealDukeEllington,youmustlistentohismusic.Themusichelefttheworldistrulyagreatgift.WeleaveyouwithDukeEllingtonandhisorchestraplayingliketheyalwaysdid.Thisrecordingwasmadeinaroomfullofpeopledancingtohismusic.TheplaceisMcElroy'sballroominthecityofPortland,Oregon.Itisneartheendoftheevening.Youcanhearthecrowdinthebigroom.Thepeoplehavebeendancinganddonotwanttostop.DukeEllington,sittingatthepiano,startsanothersong.Itishissignaltotheorchestra.Onceagain,theDukeEllingtonorchestrabeginstoplay"ThingsAin'tWhatTheyUsedtoBe."(MUSIC)RAYFREEMAN:ThisSpecialEnglishprogramwaswritten,producedanddirectedbyPaulThompson.mRayFreeman.RICHARDRAE1.:AndmRichardRael.JoinusagainnextweekatthistimeforanotherPEOP1.EINAMERICAprogramontheVoiceofAmerica.