2023-2024学年北师大版（2019）必修第三册Unit9LearningLesson2LanguageLearningTips同步课时训练（含答案）.docx

Unit9LearningLesson2LanguageLearningTips北师大版(2019)必修第三册同步课时训练一、填空1 .Thebetteryoumanageyourtime,themore(effective)youwork.1.1 feelgreatly(honour)tobechosenasavolunteer.3.Ifyouareina(n)(familiar)environment,itishumannaturetobenervous.1.1 ntelligentpeopletendtouse(simplify)approachestosolveproblems.5 .Theyshouldmake(decide)onwhetherthestudentneedsmorehelp.6 .A11airportsinthecountryareworking(normal)today.7 .Yourgoodshavenotbeen(sufficient)advertised.8 .Thecommitteemade(recommend)totheboardonteachers*payandconditions.9 .Thespeechabilityhasmuchtodowiththe(acquire)oftacitknowledge.10 .When(compare)differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingmanysimilarities.二、七选五FunWaystoLearnEnglishFasterRead,read,read.OneoftheeasiestthingsyoucandotoIeamEnglishfasteristoreadasmuchasyoucan.QThiswillmakeyourvocabularybetteranditwillalsohelpyoulearngrammarandSlang(俚语).,Watchmovies.WatchingmovieswillalsohelpyouimproveyourEnglish,byhelpingyoutohearwhatitsoundslikeandalsohelpingyoutolearnnewwords.Onceyouhaveabasicvocabulary,trytokeeptheSUbtitles(字幕)offandfocusonlisteningforthewordsyoudoknowandguessingthewordsyoudon'tknowfromwhatishappeningonthescreen.,Singsongs.1.earningandsingingsongsisanothergoodwaytomakeyourEnglishbetter.(3)Itwillalsohelpincreaseyourvocabulary.Findasongyoulike,Iearnit,andlearnwhattheIyriCS(歌词)mean.YoucanalsojustmakefriendswithEnglishlanguagespeakersonlineandchat,email,andSkypetogetherinordertopractiseyourEnglish.Youcantalkaboutwhateveryouwant!A. Makeafriend.B. Joinafancommunity.C. Readthingsallthetime.D. Youcanstartwatchingwithsubtitleson.E. Thiswillhelpyouimproveyourpronunciation.ENewspapersareagoodwaytolearnthebasicsofalanguage.G.Youcanfindonlinefriendsbyjoiningfancommunitiesorthroughlanguage-learningcommunities.三、阅读理解Humanlanguageismadepossiblebyanimpressivegiftforvocallearning.Mostanimalscannotlearntoimitatesoundsatall.ThoughsomespeciescanIeamhowtousenaturalsoundsinnewways,theydon'tshowasimilarabilitytolearnnewcalls.Amongallnonhumanvocallearnersacrossthebranchesoflife,themostimpressivearebirds.',Iwouldn,tsaytheyhavelanguageinthewaylinguisticexpertsdefineit,"saystheneuroscientistErichJarvis."ButIwouldsaytheyhaveaprimitiveformofwhatwemightcallspokenlanguage."Birdsongappearstohavealotincommonwithhumanspeech,suchasconveyinginformationintentionallyandusingsimpleformsofsomeoftheelementsofhumanlanguage.Onekeyelementofhumanlanguageissemantics,theconnectionofwordswithmeanings.Overthepastfourdecades,numerousstudieshaveshownthatmanybirdspeciesusedifferentalarmcallsfordifferentattackers.Recentstudiessuggestthattheorderofsomebirds1callsmayimpacttheirmeaning.Thiscouldrepresentaprimaryformoftherulesgoverningtheorderandcombinationofwordsandelementsinhumanlanguageknownassyntax,asillustratedbytheclassic"dogbitesman"vs,manbitesdogexample.Andtheparallelsrundeeper,includingsimilarbrainstructuresthatarenotsharedbyspecieswithoutvocallearning.Jarvisandhisteamhavetriedtocomparethebrainstructuresinsongbirdsandhumans."Ithinkwehumanstendtooverestimatehowdifferentweare/hesays.Whathashappenedisthathumansandsongbirdshaveevolvedanewfbrebraincircuitforlearnedsoundsthathastakencontrolofthebrainstemcircuitfornaturalsounds.nThereisanassumptionthatspeciesmorecloselyrelatedtous(e.g.monkeys)aregoingtobemostlikeus.Andthatistrueformanyfeatures,"hesays.But,asyousee,thisisnottrueforeveryfeature.'1Withallthesesimilaritiesinmind,it'sreasonabletoaskifbirdsthemselveshavelanguage.Itmaycomedowntohowyoudefineit.Butanyway,whenthestoryoftheevolutionoflanguageisfinallycomplete,bepreparedtothankthebirds.1.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph1?A. Toshowdifferentcapacitiesforimitatingsounds.B. Toillustratethemajorfeaturesofvocallearning.C. Toimplytheuniquenessofbirdsasvocallearners.D. Toexplaintheoriginofspeciesdifferences.2. Whatcanwelearnaboutbirdsongfromthethirdparagraph?A. Itissuperiortohumanlanguage.B. Itlacksmeaningfulorderofcalls.C. Ithasevolvedfromhumanspeech.D. Itshowscertaingrammaticalfeatures.3. Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4?A. Evolvedbraincircuitpavesthewayforvocallearning.B. Humanspossessbiologicaluniquenessinvocallearning.C. Closelyrelatedspeciesarelesslikelytoshareparallels.D. Circuitfornaturalsoundsdisablesnewcalllearning.4. Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A. BirdBrainsSuggestHowVocalLearningEvolvedB. BirdsAreStretchingtheBoundariesofLanguageC. HumanSpeechandBirdsongShareBiologicalRootsD. HumanSpeechCouldHaveEvolvedfromBirdsong答案以及解析一、填空1 .答案：effectively解析：句意为:你把时间管理得越好,工作就越有效率。此处应用副词修饰动词WOrk。故填effectivelyo2 .答案：honoured解析：句意为:能够被选为志愿者,我感到非常荣幸。固定短语behonouredtodosth意、为”很荣幸做某事”。故填honoured。3 .答案：unfamiliar解析：句意为:如果你处在一个不熟悉的环境中，感到紧张是人的本性。根据句意可知，此处表示“不熟悉的”,应填familiar的反义词Unfamiliar0故填Unfamiliar04 .答案：simplified解析：句意为:聪明人往往使用简化的方法解决问题。根据空后的名词可知,此处应填形容词形式,simplify是及物动词,意为”使简单;简化”;simplified是形容词,意为”简化了的”。故填SimPlified。5 .答案：decisions解析:考查名词及其单复数。makedecisions为固定搭配，意为"做出决定”。句意:他们应该决定该学生是否需要更多的帮助。故填decisionso6 .答案：normally解析：考查副词。副词修饰动词，设空处修饰动词Working,故用副词形式。句意：这个国家所有的机场今天都在正常运转。故填normally。7答案:sufficiently解析：考查副词。副词修饰动词，设空处修饰动词advertised,故用副词形式。句意：你的商品的广告做得不够。故填SUffiCientIy。8 .答案：recommendations解析：考查名词及其单复数。设空处作及物动词make的宾语，makerecommendationsto.为固定搭配，表示“向提出建议”。句意：委员会就教师的工资和工作条件向董事会提出建议。故填recommendations。9 .答案：acquirement解析：考查名词。冠词后接名词，根据定冠词the可知，设空处用名词形式。句意：语言能力与隐性知识的获取有很大关系。故填acquiremento10 .答案:comparing解析：句意为：当对比不同的文化时，我们经常只关注差异而没有注意到诸多相似之处。此处COmPare和其逻辑主语We为主动关系。故填COmParingo二、七选五答案：一CDEAG解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了几种快乐学英语的方法。由小标题'Read,read,read.（阅读，阅读，阅读）"和上文"OneoftheeasiestthingsyoucandotolearnEnglishfasteristoreadasmuchasyoucan.（为了更快地学习英语，最简单的事情之一就是尽可能多地阅读）”可知，作者建议通过阅读快乐学英语，C选项”一直阅读东西。”切题。故选C。由标题"Watchmovies.（看电影）",上文"WatchingmovieswillalsohelpyouimproveyourEnglish,byhelpingyoutohearwhatitsoundslikeandalsohelpingyoutolearnnewWOrdS.（看电影也会帮助你提高英语水平，帮助你听英语的发音，帮助你学习新单词）”和下文"Onceyouhaveabasicvocabulary,trytokeeptheSUbtitles（字幕）offandfocusonlisteningforthewordsyoudoknowandguessingthewordsyoudon,tknowfromwhatishappeningonthescreen.（一旦你掌握了基本词汇，试着关掉字幕，专注于听你知道的单词，并根据屏幕上发生的事情猜测你不知道的单词）”可知，作者建议通过看电影快乐学英语，D选项”你可以打开字幕开始观看。”承接上文讲看电影快乐学英语的最初做法，等学习程度高了之后，引出下文关掉字母学英语的内容。故选D。E选项"这将帮助你提高发音。"和下文"Itwillalsohelpincreaseyourvocabulary.（i½有助于增加你的词汇量）”是讲"SingSOngS.（唱歌通过唱歌快乐学英语带来的两个好处。故选E。该空选取小标题，需总结下文。由下文"YoucanalsojustmakefriendswithEnglishlanguagespeakersonlineandchat,email,andSkypetogetherinordertopractiseyourEngIiSh.（你也可以在网上和说英语的人交朋友，一起聊天、发电子邮件和SkyPe,练习英语）”可知，作者建议通过交朋友快乐学英语，A选项”交个朋友。”切题。故选A。由上文"YoucanalsojustmakefriendswithEnglishlanguagespeakersonlineandchat,email,andSkypetogetherinordertopractiseyourEnglish.YoucantalkaboutwhateveryouWant!（你也可以在网上和说英语的人交朋友，一起聊天、发电子邮件和SkyPe,练习英语。你想说什么就说什么）”可知，作者建议通过交朋友快乐学英语，G选项”你可以通过加入粉丝社区或通过语言学习社区找到在线朋友。”承接上文讲在哪里能找到网上朋友。故选G。三、阅读理解1 .答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段"HUmanlanguageismadepossiblebyanimpressivegiftforvocallearning.MostanimalscannotIeamtoimitatesoundsatall.Thoughsomespeciescanlearnhowtousenaturalsoundsinnewways,theydon'tshowasimilarabilitytolearnnewcalls.Amongallnonhumanvocallearnersacrossthebranchesoflife,themostimpressivearebirds.”（人类语言之所以成为可能，是因为有一种令人印象深刻的学习声音的天赋。大多数动物根本学不会模仿声音。虽然一些物种可以学习如何以新的方式使用自然声音，但它们并没有表现出类似的学习新叫声的能力。在所有非人类的发声学习者中，最令人印象深刻的是鸟类。）可知，人类因可以进行语音学习（VoCallearning）而独特。而像人类一样具有这种能力的物种也有，但鸟类是这些物种中最突出的。因此，本段行文循序渐进，是为了引出鸟类与其他物种相比，在语音学习方面最具独特性这一观点。故选C。2 .答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"Birdsongappearstohavealotincommonwithhumanspeech,suchasconveyinginformationintentionallyandusingsimpleformsofsomeoftheelementsofhumanlanguage.Onekeyelementofhumanlanguageissemantics,theconnectionofwordswithmeanings.Overthepastfourdecades,numerousstudieshaveshownthatmanybirdspeciesusedifferentalarmcallsfordifferentattackers.Recentstudiessuggestthattheorderofsomebirds*callsmayimpacttheirmeaning.Thiscouldrepresentaprimaryformoftherulesgoverningtheorderandcombinationofwordsandelementsinhumanlanguageknownassyntax,asillustratedbytheclassic"dogbitesmanvs"manbitesdog”example.”（鸟鸣似乎与人类语言有很多共同之处，比如有意地传达信息，使用人类语言中一些元素的简单形式。人类语言的一个关键因素是语义，即单词与意义的联系。在过去的四十年里，大量的研究表明，许多鸟类对不同的攻击者使用不同的警报。最近的研究表明，一些鸟类叫声的顺序可能会影响它们的意思。这可能代表了一种主要形式的规则，即控制人类语言中单词和元素的顺序和组合，即语法，如经典的”狗咬人"和"人咬狗"的例子所示。)可知，鸟鸣在语义(SemantiCS)和句法(SyntaX)等方面与人类语言具有共性。因此，鸟鸣呈现出一定的语法特征。故选D。3 .答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的"Andtheparallelsrundeeper,includingsimilarbrainstructuresthatarenotsharedbyspecieswithoutvocallearning.WhathashappenedisthathumansandsongbirdshaveevolvedanewforebraincircuitforlearnedsoundsthathastakencontrolofthebrainstemcircuitfornaturalSOUndS."(而且这种相似之处还更深层次，包括没有声乐学习的物种所不具有的相似的大脑结构。贾维斯和他的团队试图比较鸣禽和人类的大脑结构。”我认为我们人类倾向于高估我们之间的差异，”他说。事实是，人类和鸣禽已经进化出了一种新的前脑回路，用于学习声音，它已经控制了脑干回路，用于自然声音。)可知，鸟类和人类具有一些更深层次的共性(Paralle1s),包括相似的大脑结构：一种新的用于进行语音学习的前脑回路，代替了控制先天声音的脑干回路。这是那些无法进行语音学习的物种所不具备的。因此，进化后的脑回路为语音学习创造了条件。故选A。4答案:B解析：主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段"Withallthesesimilaritiesinmind,it,sreasonabletoaskifbirdsthemselveshavelanguage.Itmaycomedowntohowyoudefineit.Butanyway,whenthestoryoftheevolutionoflanguageisfinallycomplete,bepreparedtothankthebirds.”(考虑到所有这些相似之处，我们有理由问鸟类自己是否有语言。这可能取决于你如何定义它。但无论如何，当语言进化的故事最终完成时，准备好感谢鸟类吧。)可知，文章从人类语言的独特性出发，接着从语义和句法、大脑结构等方面将鸟鸣和人类语言进行了类比，挖掘出许多共性。最后得出结论：鸟鸣是否属于语言，取决于人类如何定义语言。但无论如何，对鸟类鸣唱的研究在一定程度上增进了人类对于语言进化的理解。据此，”鸟类在不断扩展语言的边界”是最佳标题。故选B。