美国名人女作家路易莎·梅·奥尔科特.docx

美国名人女作家路易莎梅奥尔科特1.ouisaMayAlcott,1832-1888:SheWroteHerFirstBookattheAgeof16playstopmutemaxvolume00:00-16:39repeatByShelleyGollust2008-6-1VOICEONE:mSteveEmber.VOICETWO:AndmShirleyGriffithwiththeVOASpecialEnglishprogramPeopleinAmerica.EveryweekwetellaboutapersonimportantinthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.TodaywetellaboutLouisaMayAlcott.ShewroteoneofAmerica'sbestlovedchildren'sbooks.VOICEONE:1.ouisaMayAlcottIneighteensixty-eight,anAmericanpublisheraskedastrugglingyoungwritertowriteabookforgirls.Atfirst,thewriter;LouisaMayAlcott,wasnotsureshewantedtodoit.Shesaidsheneverlikedgirls.Andsheneverknewmany,excepthersisters.Shethoughtherfamily'sactivitiesandexperiencesmightbeinterestingtoothers.Butzshesaid,probablynot.VOICETWO:Alcottdecidedtowritethebookanyway.ShetoldaboutherexperiencesgrowingupinthenortheasternUnitedStatesduringthemiddleofthenineteenthcentury.Herbookprovedtobemorethaninteresting."LittleWomen"becameoneofthemostpopularchildren'sbooksinAmericanliterature.Ithasbeenpublishedinmorethanfiftylanguages.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:1.ouisaMayAlcottwasborninPennsylvaniaineighteenthirty-two.Shewasthesecondoffourdaughters.Shehadoneoldersister,Anna.Andtwoyoungersisters,Elizabeth,calledBethzandMay.HerparentswereBronsonandAbigailAlcott.Herfatherwasaneducatorandsocialreformer.TheAlcottslatersettledinconcord,Massachusetts.SeveralgreatAmericanwriterswerefriendsofthefamily.TheyincludedRalphWaldoEmerson,NathanielHawthornezandHenryDavidThoreau.MisterAlcottprovidedthegirls'education.Hetaughtthemmanysubjects.Healsomadethemwriteabouttheirpersonalthoughtsandexperiences.VOICETWO:TheAlcottsdidnothavemuchmoney.Louisaworkedtohelpsupportherfamily.Shetriedteaching,sewing,andtakingcareofchildren.ShedidnotlikeanyoftheseJobs.1.ouisathoughtofherselfasawriter.Attheageofsixteen,shewroteherfirstbook.Itwascalled"FlowerFables."Shedecidedtosellwhatshewrote.Shewrotemanykindsofpoems,stories,andplays.Herstorieswereexciting,butunrealistic.Shesoldthemtonewspapersandmagazinesforsmallamountsofmoney.VOICEONE:Ineighteensixty-two,duringtheAmericanCivilWar,LouisaMayAlcottwenttoWashington,D.C.Sheservedasanurseinamilitaryhospital.Shecaredforsickandwoundedsoldiers.Shewroteletterstoherfamilyaboutherexperiences.Sheincludedtheselettersinabookthatwaspublishedthenextyear.Criticspraiseditbutitdidnotbringhermuchmoney.And,workinginthehospitaldamagedherhealth.VOICETWO:Ineighteensixty-fiveshevisitedEuropeasahelpertoanolderwoman.Alcotthopedtore-gainherhealth.Shespentalongtimeawayfromherfamily.Herhealthdidnotimprove.Butshethoughtaboutherwriting.Whenshereturned,sheagreedtoherpublisher'srequestthatshewriteabookforgirlsbasedonthelifesheknew."LittleWomen"waspublishedineighteensixty-eight.Thebookwasimmediatelypopularwithpeopleofallages.ItbroughtAlcottfameandalotofmoney.Shecontinuedwritingotherpopularbooksforyoungpeople.Theseincluded"AnOld-FashionedGirl/'"LittleMen,and"EightCousins."(MUSIC)VOICEONE:1.ouisaMayAlcottwrotebooksforadults,aswellaschildren.Shepublishedtheseunderanothername-A.M.Barnard.Thesebookswerepublishedbefore"LittleWomen"madeherfamous.Theywereverydifferentfromherchildren'sstories.Theywereaboutlove,power,andunhappiness.TheyhavebeenpublishedagainintheUnitedStates.Onebookiscalled"BehindaMask:TheUnknownThrillersofLouisaMayAlcott."Thebookincludesfourmysterystories.Anotheriscalled"TheLostStoriesofLouisaMayAlcott."ThesestoriesareaboutIovezbetrayal,andillegaldrugs.VOICETWO:Alcottwroteastorycalled"ALongFatalLoveChase."Itisaboutanindependentyoungwoman.Shemarriesanoldermanwhoalreadyhasawife.Shefleesfromhim.HefollowsherthroughoutEurope.Thebooktellsofinsanity,violence,anddeath.LouisaMayAlcotttriedtogetthebookpublishedineighteensixty-six.Thepublisherrejectedit.Hesaiditwastooshocking.AmanwhocollectedAlcottmaterialsfoundtheunpublishedstoryinabookstoreinNewYorkCity.Heboughtitforaboutfiftythousanddollarsafewyearsago.HereportedlysoldittoamajorAmericanpublisherforaboutonemilliondollars.VOICEONE:1.ouisaMayAlcottwrotemanyexcitingstoriesaboutlove.Yetshenevermarried.Shecontinuedtosupportherfamilyduringthelastyearsofherlife.Infact,shecaredfortheyoungdaughterofhersister,May,whodiedineighteenseventy-nine.Alcottwasinvolvedinthemovementstoendslaveryandtogainvotingrightsforwomen.Shewrotethat"I.takemoreprideintheverysmallhelpweAlcottscouldgivethaninallthebooksIeverwrote."LouisaMayAlcottdiedineighteeneighty-eight.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:1.ouisaMayAlcott'smostfamousbook,"LittleWomen",tellsthestoryoftheMarchfamilyofConcord,Massachusetts.ThestorybeginsduringtheAmericanCivilWarintheeighteensixties.MisterMarchisawayfromhome.HeiswiththetroopsoftheUnionArmy.Heisareligiousworker.MissusMarchisraisingherfourdaughtersbyherself.TheMarchfamilyisveryclose.Theydomanythingstogether.Theydonothavemuchmoney.Theysuffershortagescausedbythewar.Yettheysharewhattheyhavewithpeoplewhoareinneed.VOICEONE:ThefourdaughtersareMeg,Jo,Beth,andAmy.Theyarestrong,brave,andloving.Joisthemostimportantpersoninthebook.Sheissmart.Shehasagoodimagination.Shewritesstories.Andshecreatesplaysthatthesistersperformtogether.Joalsoisindependent.Shechoosesanon-traditionallife.ShegoestoNewYorktobecomeawriter.Thereshemeetsanolderman,aprofessor.Shereturnshometocareforherparents.Shewritesstoriesthatbecomeverypopular.Later;Jomarriestheprofessor.TogetheGtheyestablishaschool.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:TheMarchfamilyin"LittleWomen"isverymuchlikeLouisaMayAlcott'sfamily.Hersistersarelikethesistersinthebook.Andtheleadingperson,Jo,islikeLouisa.Jomustworktosupportherfamily,justasLouisahadtodo.OneofJo'sjobsistohelpafamilymember,anoldwomancalledAuntMarch.JodoesnotreallylikeAuntMarch.Butshelovestheoldwoman'shouse,especiallythelargelibrarywithhundredsofbooks.ThisishowAlcottwritesaboutthisplace:VOICEONE:"Thedim,dustyroom.thecozychairs,theglobeszand,bestofall,thewildernessofbooksinwhichshecouldwanderwheresheliked,madethelibraryaregionofblisstoher.ThemomentAuntMarchtookhernapzorwasbusywithcompany,Johurriedtothisquietspace,and,curlingherselfupintheeasychair;devouredpoetryzromance,history,travels,andpictures,likearegularbookworm."AllofthesewonderfulbooksputgreatideasintoJo'shead.Jowantedtodosomethingverywonderful,Alcottwrites:"Whatitwasshehadnoideaasyet,butleftitfortimetotellher."VOICETWO:Jo'sbelovedsisterBethdiesyoung,asAlcott'sownsisterBethdid.Joisveryunhappy.Hermothertellshertowritebecausethatalwaysmadeherhappy.Jowritesastory"thatwentstraighttotheheartsofthosewhoreadit.,Jocannotunderstandhowhersimplelittlestorybecamesopopular.Herfatherexplains,"Thereistruthinit,Jo,that'sthesecret;.Youhavefoundyourstyleatlast.Youwrotewithnothoughtoffameormoney,andputyourheartintoit.;Youhavehadthebitter,nowcomesthesweet."VOICEONE:1.ouisaMayAlcott'sbook,"LittleWomen",isstillextremelypopular.Womenwhoreadthebookwhentheywereyoungoftengiveittotheirdaughters.SomefamousAmericanwomenevenclaimtheydecidedtobecomewritersafterreadinghowJoMarchbecameawriterin"LittleWomen".(MUSIC)VOICETWO:ThisSpecialEnglishprogramwaswrittenbyShelleyGollust.ItwasproducedbyPaulThompson.mShirleyGriffith.VOICEONE:AndmSteveEmber.JoinusagainnextweekforanotherPeopleinAmericaprogramontheVoiceofAmerica.