2023-2024学年外研版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 3 The world of science重点短语和句型学案（含答案）.docx

Unit3Theworldofscience3.2重点短语和句型卬重点短语l.inaddition除此之外，另外【相关短语】inadditionto除之外，还(=aswellas=besides)except(=but)除外(其余都)apartfrom(=except/besides)除之夕卜名师提醒inadditionto意为"加在上"，其中to是介词，因此用inadditiontodoingsth,而不是inadditiontodosth。【经典例句】(教材P27)lnaddition,importantadvanceshavebeenmadeinmedicineandenvironmentalsciencethankstoincreasingcomputerpower.此外，由于不断提高的计算机能力，医学和环境科学也取得了重要进展。ThecompanyprovidescheapInternetaccess.Inaddition,itmakessharewarefreelyavailable.该公司提供廉价的互联接入服务。此外，它还免费提供共享软件。【巧学助记】hishomework,hedidmanyexercises.除了家庭作业外，他还做了许多习题。,theInternetmakessurveyingandvotingeasyandconvenient,regardlessoftimeandspace.除此之外，络使调查和投票无论在时间上还是空间上变得容易而且方便了。【答案】I.Inadditionto2.Inaddition/Besides2.beusedtodo被用来做某事【相关短语】(1)usedto过去常常Thereusedtobe.过去常常有(2)begetusedto(doing)sth.习惯(做)某事【经典例句】(教材P27)Newinventionslike3Dprintershavebeenusedtomakereplacementheartsandboneparts.像3D打印机这样的新发明己经被用来制造心脏和骨头的替代品。Woodisoftenusedtomakedesksandchairs.木头常常被用来制作桌椅。【巧学助记】©Thereused(be)anoldtempleonthehill,didn't/usedn'tthere?TheNileRiverused(flood)largeareasbutnowthewaterisused(produce)electricity.Heisusedto(take)notesofeverythinghedid.【答案】I.tobe2.tofloodtoproduce3.taking3.intermsof根据来说；依照:就而言【相关短语】inthelong/shortterm就长/短期而言beongood/badtermswithsb.与某人交情好/不好【经典例句】(教材P27)Intermsoftheenvironment,itisnowpossibletocreateanintelligentwalkinghouse.就环境而言，现在有可能制造出一个可以走的智能屋。Intermsofmoneywe'requiterich,butnotintermsofhappiness.从钱的角度说，我们相当富有，但就幸福而言则不然。【巧学助记】Whattheyhavedoneisgoodfortheenvironment.从长期来看，他们所做的事情对环境是有利的。Wehavebeenourneighborsforalltheseyears.这么多年来我们一直和邻居的关系很好。【答案】inthelong【ermOngoodtermswih4.lookfor寻找【相关短语】lookthrough浏览lookafter照顾；照看lookout当心lookup查阅lookforwardto期盼lookdownon/upon轻视，看不起【经典例句】Morethanonegenerationofschoolchildrenhasbeenamazedbyhisbraveryandhisscientificapproachtolkingforthetruth.（教材P32）一代又一代的学童对他的勇敢和寻找真理的科学方法感到惊讶。【巧学助记】®Weallneedtolookwaystoreduceourcarbonfootprint.WoUIdyoupleaselookthepaperformeandseeifthereareanymistakes?Iftherearewordsyoudonotunderstand,looktheminadictionary.lt,Swrongofyoutolookdownthepoor.©Thisisagreatplaceforcampingbutyouhavetolookforsnakes.【答案】!.for2.through3.up4.onupon5.out5.takeplace发生【相关短语】taketheplaceOf=takeone'splace代替；就座inplaceof代替inplace在合适的位置，恰当outofplace不在合适的位置，不恰当名师提醒takeplace为不及物动词短语,无被动形式，多指预先计戈人安排要发生的事情；突然发生则用happen或occur。【经典例句】AlthoughithasbeenprovedthatFranklin,Sexperimenttookplace,morethanonescientisthasquestionedwhatreallyhappened.（教材P33）尽管富兰克林的实验已经被证实，但不止一位科学家质疑到底发生了什么。Warmairisgoingup,heavycoolairmovesintotaketheplaceofit.热空气上升时，大量的冷空气填充了它的位置。Yourwordswerequiteoutofplaceonsuchaseriousoccasion.在这样严肃的场合里，你的话太不恰当了。【巧学助记】©GreatchangesinChinasincethe1980s.自从20世纪80年代以来中国发生了很大的变化。Themanagerwillbeawayonbusinessand11duringhisabsence.经理将要出差，他不在时我将代替他。SOmeofthesebooksare,makingthewholeroommessy.You,dbetterputthesebooks.Otherwise,itwillbedifficulttofindthem.有些书放的地方不对，这使得整个房间乱七八糟的。你最好把这些书放在适当的地方，否则，找到它们很困难。【答案】1.havetakenplace2.takehisplace/taketheplaceofhim3.outofplaceinplace6 .diefrom死于【相关短语】diefrom由外部原因造成的死亡dieof用于死因存在于人身体之内dieaway逐渐减弱；逐渐消失dieof死于dieoff相继死去dieout灭绝；消失diedown减弱，平息【经典例句】ButscientistsallagreethatifFranklinhadactuallytouchedthekey,hewouldcertainlyhavediedfromtheelectricshock.但是科学家们都认为如果富兰克林接触了钥匙,他早就可能死于电击了。Fortythousandchildrenadaydiefrompreventablediseases.每天有4万个孩子死于本可以预防的疾病。Takethecaseofthatpatient;hedidnotdiefromit.以那个病人为例,这并不是他的死因。【巧学助记】Thesheerhaddiedandtherewasamomentofabsolutesilence.©Elephantswoulddieifmencouldshootasmanyastheywished.©TheseanimalsdiedonebyoneshortlyaftertheIceAgecametoanend.®Thespeakerwaiteduntilthelaughterhaddied.（B）Atthesametimelackofsleepandfoodsituation,youwilldielackofsleep.【答案】1.away2.out3.off4.down5.from7 .apartfrom除之外【相关短语】apartfrom具有双重含义，既相当于exceptbut（除之外），又相当于besides/inadditionto（除之外还有）。apartfrom具有多重意义，既可代替besides,也可代替except或exceptforbesides”除了之外（还有）”，即把除去的部分也包括在整体之内except"除了之外”，表示在整体中减去一部分，除去的部分不包括在整体之内【经典例句】（教材P32）Apartfrombeingasuccessfulstatesman,hewasalsowellknownasaleadingAmericanauthor,printerandpublisher,successfuldiplomat,creativescientistandinventor.他不仅是一位成功的政治家，还是美国著名的作家、印刷家和出版商、成功的外交家、创造性的科学家和发明家。Theofficeisemptyapartfromthedustmanafterworkeveryday.每天下班后办公室里除了清洁工，什么人也没有。【巧学助记】选词填空（apartfrom/except/besides）beingfunandgoodexercise,swimmingisaveryusefulskill.It'sreallyagoodfilmtheending.（3）TheshopisopeneverydayonSundays.【答案】1.Apartfrom/Besides2.apartfrom3.except8 .comeupwith想出；提出【相关短语】comeup走近;上来;发芽;发生;被提出comeabout发生comeacross穿过（路、桥）;（偶然）遇见;发现comeout出来;（书等）出版;发行cometo苏醒;总计;达到;谈到whenitcomesto.当谈到【经典例句】Severalofthemembershavecomeupwithsuggestionsoftheirown.有几位成员提出了自己的建议。Thepresidentwasmovedtocomeupwiththesesuggestionsafterthehearings.听证会促使总统想出了这些建议。msureitwillallcomeoutallrightintheend.我敢肯定最后结局会很好。Newshootsofbamboowillcomeupfromaroundtherootsoftheoldones.新的竹笋将从旧根的周围长出来。IcameacrossmyoldcollegeclassmateintheparkIOday.今天在公园遇到我大学的老同学。【巧学助记】一一单句语法填空©Canyoutellmehowtheaccidentcame?Icamethisoldphotographwhenlookingforabookyesterday.Whenitcomescomputergames,heisalwaysveryexcited.一一完成句子（4）Alotofnewquestionsatthemeeting.=Peoplealotofnewquestionsatthemeeting.在此次会议上，许多新问题被提了出来。【答案】1.about2.across3.to4.cameup5.cameupwith卬量点句型9 .(教材P26)Itsuggeststhatthepresentdayisanewageforinventions,butmanypeoplemightthinkthatthegreatageofinventionisover.这表明当今是一个发明的新时代，但许多人可能认为发明的伟大时代已经结束。【用法】句式分析：句中“Itsuggeststhat”结构中的it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。suggest意为“表明”。(I)SUggeSt表示“喑示或表明”等意思时，其后接的that从句要用陈述语气。(2)SUggeSt作动词，表示“提议，建议”，后面可以跟名词、代词、动名词和that从句作宾语。其中that从句谓语通常用"(should)+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气形式。【经典例句】Herexpressionsuggestedthatshewasangry.她的表情说明她生气了。Isuggestedhimthatheshouldjoinintheclubactivities.我建议他参加俱乐部的活动。【巧学助记】(J)Itissuggestedthattheworkreferredto(finish)atonce.Jane'spalefacesuggestedthatshe(be)ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe(have)amedicalexamination.(3)1suggest(go)outforawalkaftersupper.【答案】1.(should)befinished2.was(should)have3.going10(教材P33)Infact,morethanoneaccountsuggeststhatwhileNewtonwascertainlyinspiredbyafallingapple,thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.事实上，不止一种说法表明，虽然牛顿确实是受到了一个掉落的苹果的启发，但没有证据表明它击中了他的头部。【句式剖析】本句为复杂的主从复合句。句中Ihal引导的是同位语从句。Thenewsthattheyhadwonthegamesoonspreadallovertheschool.他们比赛获胜的消息很快便传遍了整个学校。Theideathatyoucandothisworkwellwithoutthinkingisquitewrong.你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。【句式拓展】(1)在that引导的同位语从句中，that在从句中不作任何成分，也无具体意义，只起连接作用，但是一般不能省略。(2)引导同位语从句的连接词还有Whelher,what,which,when,where,why,how等词。(3)常接同位语从句的抽象名词有belief,doubt,news,hope,possibility,fact,SUggeStiOn等。that引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别：同位语从句对前面的名词进行解释说明，是名词的内容的体现，只起连接作用，不作成分，但一般不能省略定语从句对前面的名词进行修饰或限定，既替代先行词，又在从句中充当主语或宾语【巧学助记】lmadeapromisetomyselfthisyear,myfirstyearinhighschool,wouldbedifferent.ThequestionEnglishwillkeeponchanginginthefutureiseasytoanswersinceitiscertainthatthisprocesswillcontinue.Ihavenoideawecandowiththesewastematerialsinthefuture.【答案】1.that2.whether3.what