第1部分教材知识解读选择性必修第二册Unit5FirstAid.docx

第二册选择性必修MUnit5FirstAid基础知识排查速记后做默写本及时巩冏速记词汇句型背诵I.认阅读单词1. leaflet/.散页印刷品；传单；小册子2. Organ.（人或动植物的）器官3. toxin.毒素（尤指细菌产生的致病物质）4. rayn.光线；光束；（热、电等）射线5. radiations.辐射；放射线6. acidn.酸的.酸的;酸性的7. millimetren.毫米;千分之一米8. layer.层；表层；层次9. blister/:.（皮肤上因摩擦、烫伤等引起的）水疱；（金属等表面的）气泡、水泡10. underneathprep.&底下；隐藏在下面11. fabric/?.织物；布料；（社会、机构等的）结构12. paramedicn.急救医生；护理人员13. bathtubn.浴缸；浴盆14. mosquiton.（PL-Oes,-OS）蚊子15IVneedle静脉注射针16. vitalsign生命体征17. wardn.病房18. SPrain扭伤（关节）.扭伤19. ankle/1.踝；踝关节20. diner.（尤指餐馆的）就餐者21. Steakn.牛排；肉排22. obstructionn.阻碍；堵塞；阻塞物23. motionn.运动；移动24. manual.使用手册；说明书。力.用手的；手工的；体力的；手控的25. membershipn.会员身份；全体会员；会员人数II.记重点单词1. techniquez.技能；技术；技艺2. victims.受害者；患者3. nerven.神经4. SWanOw吞下；咽下5. wrap”.包、裹；（用手臂等）围住6. bathn.洗澡；（BrE=bathtub）浴缸;浴盆OL（MbnE=bathe）给洗澡7. slip况.滑倒；滑落；溜走.滑倒；小错误；纸条8. elderly时.年纪较大的；上了年纪的（婉辞）9. carpetn.地毯10. ambulancen.救护车11. delay质推迟；延期（做某事）“耽误；耽搁.延误；耽搁（的时间）；推迟12. needlen.针；缝衣针；注射针;指针13. drown5.&”（使）淹死；溺死；浸泡；淹没14. PaniC况.&M（使）惊慌n.惊恐；恐慌15scream讥.&”（因愤怒或恐惧）高声喊；大声叫n.尖叫；尖锐刺耳的声音16. fellow。力.同类的；同事的；同伴的；同情况的n.男人；家伙；同事；同辈；同类17. Choke况（使）窒息；（使）哽咽;噎住18. throat/.咽喉；喉咙19. desperaiea力.绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的20. slap”.（用手掌）打、拍.（用手掌）打、拍;拍击声21. fistn.拳；拳头22. grab”.抓住；攫取n.抓取；抢夺23. welfaren.幸福；福祉；安康；福利24. COnaPSe况.（突然）倒塌；（因病等）昏倒25. suburbn.郊区；城外HL知拓展单词1. minora靖.较小的；次要的；轻微的-*minority少数：少数民族2. electrica力.电的；用电的；电动的felectricala靖.与电有关的felectricity电；电学3. swollen的.（身体部位）肿起的；肿胀的fswelloi.（swelled,swollen）膨胀,肿胀4. IoOSe时.松的；未系紧的；宽松的一looSeIya而.松散地；粗略地floosen5.&（使）变松5. urgent。的.紧急的；急迫的；急切的furge力劝；敦促；强烈要求n.强烈的欲望6. ease况.&使（宽慰）；减轻；缓解.容易；舒适；自在一easyM'.容易的一easily曲.容易地7. operatorn,电话接线员；操作员一operate操作；运转；动手术-*operation.运转；手术8. bleedingn.流血；失血-bleed山.（bled,bled）流血；失血-blood”.血液；血9. interrupt打断；打扰”.使暂停；使中断一interruption/?.打扰10. practicaIM/.切实可行的；实际的；实践的一practicen.练习；实践；惯例V.练习fpracticallya由.几乎;差不多；实际上11. tightly白曲.紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地一tight4力.牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的adv.紧紧地；牢固地一tighten。.（使）变紧；（使）更加严格12. justify”.证明有道理；为辩护；是的正当理由一justice”.正义；公正13. foggy如/.有雾的ffog”.雾I词汇助力高频词汇1. kidn叩拐走；绑架2. kindergartenn.幼儿园3. kitchenn.厨房4. knowledgen.知识；学问5. landscape/:.风景；景色6. Iamea分跛的；病的；残废的7. laughter/?.笑；笑声8. launch。/.发射；发起（运动）W背核心短语1. senseoftouch触觉2. electricshock触电；电击3. helpsbloone,Sfeel帮助某人站起身来4. faceup/down面朝上（朝下）5. SIeePin迟起；睡过头；睡懒觉6. outofshape健康状况不好7. prevent.from.ffl.lt8. avarietyof各种各样的9. SUfferfrOm遭受V.悟经典句式1. Asyoucanimagine,gettingburntcanleadtoveryseriousinjuries.（as引导的非限制性定语从句）正如你能想象的，被灼伤可能会导致非常严重的损伤。2. Removeanyclothesusingscissorsifnecessary,unlessyouseethefabricstickingtotheburntskin.（unless引导的条件状语从句）如有必要，用剪刀剪掉烧伤部位的衣服，除非你看到衣服与被烧伤的皮肤粘连在一起。3. Ifthevictimissufferingfromsecondorthird-degreebums,thereisanurgentneedtotakehim/hertothehospitalatonce.（thereisanurgentneedtodosth急需做某事）如果伤者是二度或三度烧伤，必须立刻送往医院。4. Theysuggestedheeatmoreslowlyandtakesmallerbitesbeforetheyleft.suggest（that）sb（should）dosth建议某人做某事离开前，他们建议他吃饭要细嚼慢咽，小口进食。填词语境词汇串记请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。tightly,choke,Urgenl,panic,delay,bleedManyleafletsandmanualsofferpracticaltechniquesonfirstaid,whichstatethatcallingemergencynumberswithout1.isthefirststep.Butbeforeparamedicsintheambulancecome,youcansaveyourselforlookafterothers,welfarebyusingfirstaid.Ifyougetburnedbyradiation,acidsorotherchemicals>don,t2.orscream.Instead*removeanyclothesunlessyouseefabricstickingtotheburnedskin.Thenwashitundertherunningwater.Withyourskinswollenandfullofblistersorwithyournervesdamaged,thereisan3.needtorushtothehospital.Swallowingfoodstooquicklycancauseyoutoget4.onsteak,toastoranythingelsewithease.Then,peoplearoundyoucanslaponyourback,forcingtheobstructionout.Asfora5.nose,neithershouldyoukeepyourfaceup,norshouldyoupressthenose6.Youcanusethemouth-to-mouthrescuebreathingmethodtosaveadrownedman.Youcanapplycoldwatertothesprainedankle.Allinall.learningsomeknowledgeaboutfirstaidmakesagreatdifference.核心考点突破提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇11ease.容易；舒适；自在W.&叱减轻；缓解；使安心；（使）宽慰withease容易地；不费力地atease舒适；悠闲；自在put/setsbatease使某人放松/自在(1)因为极度紧张我的心怦怦跳，但是她的热情欢迎很快使我放松了下来。她既聪明又幽默，和她在一起我感到很自在。(读后续写之情绪描写)Myheartpoundedwithextremenervousness,butherwarmwelcomesoon.ShewassmartandhumorousandIwithher.(2)打篮球是缓解我们巨大学习压力的最好方法，同时我们也能从中找到一些乐趣。(话题写作之体育运动)Playingbasketballservesasthebestwaytoandfindsomepleasureatthesametime.(3)如果你每天坚持用英语写日记，你会很容易提高你的书面英语。(话题写作之语言学习)IfyouinsistonkeepingdiariesinEnglisheveryday,youcan.(用“祈使句+and+陈述句”改写)Bpanicvi.&vZ.(panicked；panicked；PailiCkillg)(使)惊慌.惊慌；惊恐panicsbintodoingsth使某人仓皇行事getintoapanic陷入恐慌inpanic惊慌失措地；处在恐慌中(1)Whenpeopleheardtheurgentnews,theyfledthevillagepanic.(2)简陷入恐慌，她的心如此剧烈跳动，她感觉快要窒息了。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)，andherheartbeatsoviolentlythatshefellnearlychoked.(3)野狼的嚎叫吓得我尖叫起来，我不知道如何缓解这无法抗拒的恐惧。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)Theroarofthewildwolf，andIwasn,tawareofhowtoeaseBdesperate绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的(desperately。小.绝望地；拼命地；极严重地；非常需要)bedesperateforsth渴望某物bedesperatetodosth渴望做某事(I)I(desperate)needyourassistancebecauseIhaveanurgentmattertohandle.(2)看到考试的结果，我是如此绝望，以至于我感觉好像被撕成了碎片，我一时间失去了信心。（读后续写之绝望心理描写）©Seeingtheresultoftheexam,andconfidenceseemedtodesertmeforamoment.©Seeingtheresultoftheexam,andconfidenceseemedtodesertmeforamoment.（倒装句）（3）我渴望有机会成为一名志愿者。我的确希望您能给我这个宝贵的机会。（应用文写作之申请信）.1dohopeyoucanoffermethepreciousopportunity.,IdohopeyoucanoffermethepreciousOPPOrtUnity.（用形容词短语作状语改写）用法点拨表示“渴望某物/做某事”的短语还有：beeagerforsth/todosth,beanxiousforslhtodosth,longforsth/todosth,bedyingforsth/todosthElhelpsbtoone'Sfeet帮助某人站起身来struggletoone,Sfeet挣扎着站起来risetoone'Sfeet站起来;起身jumptoone'sfeetS兆起来dragone,sfeet拖着脚stampone'sfeet跺脚（1）看到那个男孩在街上晕倒了，我冲过去帮他站起来，并给他叫了辆救护车。Seeingtheboycollapseonthestreet,Idashedtoandcalledanambulanceforhim.（2）跑步时，大卫被一块石头绊倒了，但是他挣扎着站起来，拖着脚向终点线前进。几乎所有的观众都站起来，为他加油。（2022新高考全国I,读后续写）Whilerunning，Davidtrippedoverastone,butheandtowardsthefinishline.Almostalltheaudience,cheeringforhim.（3）詹妮父亲的回答犹如火上浇油，她从座位上跳起来，生气地直跺脚，一句话也说不出来。（读后续写之愤怒心理描写）ThereplyofJenny'sfatheragainfueledheranger.Shefromherseatandinanger,notutteringaword.Hfacedown/up面朝下/上befacedwith=facesth面临inthefaceof面对loseface丢面子/丢脸makeaface(at)皱眉头：做苦相；做鬼脸(1)当看到一个男孩脸朝下从校车上摔下来时，我紧急刹车，冲出车门，向他冲去。(读后续写之动作链描写)Whenseeingaboyfalloffaschoolbus,，Ibrakedmycarurgently,rushedoutofmycarandchargedathim.(2)我强烈建议你学英语的时候不要害怕丢脸。(应用文写作之建议信)Istronglysuggestthatyoushouldn'tbeafraidofwhenyouIeamEnglish.(3)面对巨大的挑战，我永远不会放弃，直到我最终成功。,neverwillIgiveupuntilIfinallysucceed.(inthefaceof),neverwillIgiveUPuntilIfinallySUeCeed.(过去分词短语作状语；befacedwith)(4)调皮的男孩悄悄地靠近陌生人，对他做了个鬼脸，然后打掉了他的宽边帽。(读后续写之动作描写)Thenaughtyboysilentlyapproachedthestranger,andthenknockedoffhisbroad-brimmedhat.图OiItOfShaPe健康状况不好；变形ingood/badshape健康状况良好/不佳keep/beinshape保持健康intheshapeOf以的形状/形式(1)Youhavebeensittingontheelderlywoman,shatandnowitisbadly.(2)Thelazyfellowhadn,tbeentrainingformonthsandwasreally.(3)Shejogsforanhourinthesuburbseverymorningto.(4)Somelanternsarefruitsandtheylookbeautifulinhegentlelightofthemoon.Bas引导非限制性定语从句ASYQUK蛆j11agine,gettingburntcanleadtoveryseriousinjuries.正如你能想象的，被灼烧可能会导致非常严重的损伤。as引导非限制性定语从句时，常在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，从句可位于句首、句中或句末。as引导定语从句的常用句式有：asisknowntousall/asweallknow众所周知aswecansee正如我们所看到的asisreported正如报道的那样asisoftenthecase这是常有的事asismentionedabove正如上面所提到的（1）我们能够从历史中找到一些问题的解决方法，这是常有的事。，wecanprobablyfindsolutionstosomeproblemsfromhistory.（2）众所周知，实施切实可行的措施对海洋保护有重大作用。（2022.全国甲，书面表达），performingpracticalmeasuresmakesagreatdifferencetooceanproteclion.（as引导的非限制性定语从句）®isthatperformingpracticalmeasuresmakesagreatdifferencetooceanprotection.（what引导的主语从句）performingpracticalmeasuresmakesagreatdifferencetooceanprotection.（it作形式主语）（3）正如你在短视频中所看到的，英语口语俱乐部的成员不仅可以担当外国游客的导游而且他们还可以参加全国英语演讲比赛。（2022天津3月，书面表达）intheshortvideo,notonlycanmembersoftheSpokenEnglishClubserveastouristguidesforforeigntouristsbuttheycanalsoengageintheNationalEnglishSpeechContest.（4）正如所报道的，越来越多的青少年转向在线学习，在线学习既可以使他们接触最新的知识又可以节省时间。Moreandmoreteenagersturntoonlinelearnings，whichcansavetimeaswellasenablethemtobeexposedtothelatestknowledge.印证高考原句呈现1. Eventhoughthistechniquewon'tworkforeveryone，ithelpsmanypeoplegetagoodstoreofideastodrawon.（2022新高考全国11）即使这种方法并不对所有人奏效，但它可以帮助许多人获得大量可以借鉴的想法。2. Simplykeepingadiarythatkeepstrackoffriends,birthdaysandotherimportantdateswillmakesurenothingslipsbyyou.（2022全国乙）只需写日记记录朋友的生日和其他重要日期，就可以确保你不会遗漏任何事情。3. Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEast,andthecharityhasbeengivenfinancialsupporttorollitoutCoimtryWide.（2022新高考全国I）现在有700名老人在东北部的20家养老院照顾母鸡,该慈善机构已获得财政支持以在全国范围内推广。4. Canasmallgroupofdronesguaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?（2022全国乙）一小群无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元吗？巩固基础知识达标提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇I.一词多义练/熟词生义练清除阅读障碍1. desperateA.极想，渴望B.绝望的C.孤注掷的(1)Doctorswerefightingadesperatebattletosavethelittlegirslife.(2)Theoperatorwassodesperateforajobthathewouldhavedoneanything.(3)1decidedtohugTbmtightlywhenhewasinsuchadesperateposition.2. easeA.".使安心B.容易C九自在(I)Asweexpected,hesettledtheminorproblemwithease.(2)1wasnotentirelyatcasewiththefellowwholikedmakingjokes.(3)1easedhermindbytellingherthatherskinwasslightlyswollen.3. swallowA.掩饰；抑制B.吞下；咽下C.吞没；淹没：侵吞D.相信：信以为真(I)Aftertheoperationyoumayfinditdifficulttochewandswallow.(2)1watchedherwalkdowntheroaduntilshewasswallowedbythedarkness.(3)1foundherexcuseveryhardtoswallow.(4)You'regoingtohavetoswallowyourprideandaskforyourjobback.4.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思(1)Moneywasalwaystight,butwehadaroofoverourheads.(2)Shewasrushedtohospitalafterhercollapseatwork.(3)Everyanimalsleeps,butthereasonforthishasremainedfoggy.(4)Itisnotwhatwedoonceinawhilethatshapesourlivesbutwhatwedoconsistently.II.核心知识强化练巩固语言知识1. Hepresentedmewithabunchofflowersandthenwehuggedeachother(tight).2. Hereachedoutahand,(grab)herarmanddraggedherback.(读后续写之动作链描写)3. Thephotographerwasdesperate(achieve)hisgoaltowinothers,respect.4. He(wrap)hisarmsaroundmeandwhispered,“Youareboundtosucceed.w5. Thephotographer(slip)downstairs,tiptoedoutofthehouseanddisappearedintothedarkness.(读后续写之动作链描写)6. Whatastonishedmewasthathedelayed(take)immediateactionandmissedapreciouschance.7. Wheneversomeproblemsarose,hewasboundtochatwithmecontinuallytoputmeease.8. Everytimeyoufeel(panic),you'dbettertakeadeepbreathandtrytorelaxyourself.9. Whatastonishesmemostisthatheisoutshapenowbecauseofyearsofhardwork.10. Astudent(interrupt)meinclassbyaskingmeaquestioncontrarytomyrequirement.写作能力提升I.单句写作一应用文增分练话题写作之人际关系消除和朋友的误解1 .得知你渴望消除你和朋友之间的误解，我写信给你一些建议。(bedesperatetodo)2 .我强烈建议你们俩冷静下来。(suggest)3 .除非你们面对面地彼此交流，否则，你们之间的误解不会解决。(unless)4 .另外，你们急需设身处地为彼此着想。(thereisanurgentneedtodo)5 .众所周知，彼此的理解可以融化对方心中的坚冰。(as引导的非限制性定语从句)11微型写作续写提能练【教材续写语料】1 .情感描写PaniC况.&M（使）惊慌.惊恐；恐慌SCream6.&a（因愤怒或恐惧）高声喊；大声叫chokevi.&”（使）篁息;（使）哽咽；噎住desperate4力.绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的一desperately血.绝望地；非常2 .动作描写swallowvt.&式.吞下；咽下WraPW.包、裹；（用手臂等）围住bathvt.（NAmE=bathe）11洗澡slip式.滑倒；滑落；溜走drown况.&九（使）淹死；溺死；浸泡；淹没SlaP3.（用手掌）打、拍grab抓住；攫取ColI叩Se况.（突然）倒塌；（因病等）昏倒ease况使（宽慰）；减轻；缓解tightly。加.紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地ftighten“.&况.（使）变紧；（使）加紧helpsbtoone,sfeet帮助某人站起身来faceup/down面朝上（朝下）3 .环境描写foggyt.有雾的【续写语料运用】请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。在一个有雾的早晨，一只野狼溜进了我们的房子。我和我弟弟吓得尖叫起来。我们的喉咙发紧，几乎要窒息而死。我弟弟被无穷无尽的恐惧淹没了,他用胳膊紧紧地抱着我，他几乎要昏倒了。在那时，我看到一根粗棍，我猛地推开弟弟的胳膊，抓起棍，拼命地向狼砸去。狼嚎叫着逃跑了。我使劲咽了口唾沫，跌跌撞撞地走向我颤抖的弟弟，帮助他站起来，拍着他的后背以缓解他的紧张。,awildwolf.MybrotherandI.Ourthroatsandwenearly.Mybrother.He.Atthatlime,seeingathickstick,Ijerkedawaymybrother*Sarms,smashedittothewolf.Thewolffledinroars.I.1stumbledtomytremblingbrother,